半工业化婴儿配方奶粉的生命周期评估和涉及膜过滤的低热替代工艺

IF 6.1 Q2 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL
Michèle Gaillard, Emma Saint-Preux, Amélie Deglaire, Emeline Goussé, Gaelle Tanguy, Nadine Leconte, Geneviève Gésan-Guiziou, Fanny Guyomarc'h, Juliane Floury
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引用次数: 0

摘要

婴儿配方奶粉在限制母乳喂养的情况下为0-6个月的婴儿提供必要的营养。它们的生产必须在生产过程中平衡营养质量、环境可持续性和经济盈利能力。传统的热处理工艺,如巴氏灭菌,确保微生物安全,但会导致蛋白质变性和美拉德反应,从而降低产品的营养质量。新工艺涉及使用膜微过滤的低温卫生,以保持蛋白质质量。生命周期评估用于比较在半工业规模下,通过经典途径(使用巴氏灭菌)或替代途径(使用微过滤)生产婴儿配方粉的潜在环境影响。无论卫生程序如何,牛奶和油脂原料的生产对影响最大,其次是蒸发和喷雾干燥,即耗能水蒸发的单元操作。对卫生操作的更深入了解表明,虽然巴氏灭菌和微过滤在各种影响类别中具有可比性,但微过滤需要大量的水和洗涤剂进行清洁,而巴氏灭菌在其稳态阶段是能源密集型的。虽然减少了能源消耗,但通过替代路线生产的1公斤婴儿配方奶粉排放的二氧化碳当量为11.1公斤,而传统路线为10.4公斤。替代路线对气候变化以及其他与农业相关的影响类别的影响较大,主要归因于对脱脂牛奶进行微过滤的需求增加。敏感性分析揭示了减少婴儿配方奶粉对环境影响的策略,例如使用液体成分以避免干燥或增加预蒸发干物质以节省能源。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Life cycle assessment of a semi-industrial infant milk formula powder and of a low-heat alternative process involving membrane filtration

Life cycle assessment of a semi-industrial infant milk formula powder and of a low-heat alternative process involving membrane filtration
Infant formulas provide the necessary nutrients to infants aged 0–6 months whenever breastfeeding is restrained. Their production must balance nutritional quality, environmental sustainability and economic profitability in the manufacturing process. Traditional heat treatment processes, such as pasteurization, ensure microbiological safety but lead to protein denaturation and Maillard reaction, thereby diminishing the nutritional quality of the product. New processes involve low-heat sanitation using membrane microfiltration to also maintain protein quality. Life Cycle Assessment was used to compare the potential environmental impacts of the production of infant formula powder via the classic route (using pasteurization) or the alternative route (using microfiltration) at a semi-industrial scale. No matter the sanitation procedure, the production of milk and oil ingredients exhibited the largest contribution to impacts, followed by evaporation and spray-drying, i.e. unit operations with energy-consuming water evaporation. Closer insight on sanitation operations revealed that while pasteurization and microfiltration are comparable across various impact categories, microfiltration demands significant water and detergent for cleaning, whereas pasteurization is energy-intensive during its steady-state phase. Although energy consumption is reduced, 1 kg of infant formula produced through the alternative route emits 11.1 kg of CO2 equivalent, against 10.4 for the classic route. The higher impact of the alternative route on climate change, as well as on other agriculture-related impact categories, is primarily attributed to the increased demand for skim milk to implement microfiltration. Sensitivity analyses revealed strategies to reduce infant formula's environmental impacts, such as using liquid ingredients to avoid drying or increasing pre-evaporation dry matter to save energy.
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来源期刊
Cleaner Environmental Systems
Cleaner Environmental Systems Environmental Science-Environmental Science (miscellaneous)
CiteScore
7.80
自引率
0.00%
发文量
32
审稿时长
52 days
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