{"title":"直肠癌患者肠道黏膜和粪便微生物群的初步研究：术前放化疗后组织学反应和不良事件的相关性","authors":"Shigenobu Emoto, Ryo Inoue, Shin Murai, Yuriko Inagaki, Hiroaki Nozawa, Kazuhito Sasaki, Koji Murono, Kensuke Kaneko, Yuichiro Yokoyama, Shinya Abe, Yuzo Nagai, Takahide Shinagawa, Yuichi Tachikawa, Satoshi Okada, Takamitsu Tsukahara, Kai Ohashi, Masashi Ohno, Akira Andoh, Soichiro Ishihara","doi":"10.1111/codi.70106","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div>\n \n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Aim</h3>\n \n <p>Preoperative chemoradiotherapy (CRT) is administered for locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC); however, its efficacy and toxicity vary among patients. This study aimed to elucidate the relationship between the gut microbiota and the effectiveness and adverse events of CRT.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Methods</h3>\n \n <p>This prospective study included 21 patients with LARC with no history of antibiotic or probiotic administration for 6 months. Tumour mucosa, non-tumour mucosa and faecal samples were collected before and after CRT, and bacterial DNA was extracted. Metataxonomic analysis targeting the V3 and V4 regions of the 16S rRNA gene was conducted to determine the diversity and composition of the microbiota. Linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) was used to explore potential bacterial taxa predicting pathological complete response (pCR) and treatment-associated diarrhoea, which are major adverse events of CRT.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Results</h3>\n \n <p>Among the 21 patients, five achieved pCR and seven experienced severe treatment-associated diarrhoea. There were no significant differences in α-diversity and β-diversity of the microbiota between the groups at any sampling sites before or after CRT. Exploratory analysis using LEfSe identified <i>Peptostreptococcus</i>, <i>Coprococcus</i> and <i>Phoceaicola</i> in the tumour mucosa before CRT as significant indicators for achieving pCR. Additionally, <i>Collinsella</i>, <i>Haemophilus</i> and <i>Desulfovibrionaceae</i> are associated with treatment-associated diarrhoea. Microbiome composition changed before and after CRT, with a notable decrease in the genus <i>Fusobacterium_C</i> and other taxa. β-diversity in the tumour area also changed significantly (<i>P</i> = 0.03).</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Conclusions</h3>\n \n <p>This study suggests an association between the gut microbiota, the therapeutic effectiveness of CRT and the occurrence of treatment-associated diarrhoea in rectal cancer. These results indicate the potential for predicting treatment efficacy and adverse events based on the microbiota composition.</p>\n </section>\n </div>","PeriodicalId":10512,"journal":{"name":"Colorectal Disease","volume":"27 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9000,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/codi.70106","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"A pilot study of gut mucosal and faecal microbiota in rectal cancer: associations with histological response and adverse events following preoperative chemoradiotherapy\",\"authors\":\"Shigenobu Emoto, Ryo Inoue, Shin Murai, Yuriko Inagaki, Hiroaki Nozawa, Kazuhito Sasaki, Koji Murono, Kensuke Kaneko, Yuichiro Yokoyama, Shinya Abe, Yuzo Nagai, Takahide Shinagawa, Yuichi Tachikawa, Satoshi Okada, Takamitsu Tsukahara, Kai Ohashi, Masashi Ohno, Akira Andoh, Soichiro Ishihara\",\"doi\":\"10.1111/codi.70106\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div>\\n \\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Aim</h3>\\n \\n <p>Preoperative chemoradiotherapy (CRT) is administered for locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC); however, its efficacy and toxicity vary among patients. This study aimed to elucidate the relationship between the gut microbiota and the effectiveness and adverse events of CRT.</p>\\n </section>\\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Methods</h3>\\n \\n <p>This prospective study included 21 patients with LARC with no history of antibiotic or probiotic administration for 6 months. Tumour mucosa, non-tumour mucosa and faecal samples were collected before and after CRT, and bacterial DNA was extracted. Metataxonomic analysis targeting the V3 and V4 regions of the 16S rRNA gene was conducted to determine the diversity and composition of the microbiota. Linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) was used to explore potential bacterial taxa predicting pathological complete response (pCR) and treatment-associated diarrhoea, which are major adverse events of CRT.</p>\\n </section>\\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Results</h3>\\n \\n <p>Among the 21 patients, five achieved pCR and seven experienced severe treatment-associated diarrhoea. There were no significant differences in α-diversity and β-diversity of the microbiota between the groups at any sampling sites before or after CRT. Exploratory analysis using LEfSe identified <i>Peptostreptococcus</i>, <i>Coprococcus</i> and <i>Phoceaicola</i> in the tumour mucosa before CRT as significant indicators for achieving pCR. Additionally, <i>Collinsella</i>, <i>Haemophilus</i> and <i>Desulfovibrionaceae</i> are associated with treatment-associated diarrhoea. Microbiome composition changed before and after CRT, with a notable decrease in the genus <i>Fusobacterium_C</i> and other taxa. β-diversity in the tumour area also changed significantly (<i>P</i> = 0.03).</p>\\n </section>\\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Conclusions</h3>\\n \\n <p>This study suggests an association between the gut microbiota, the therapeutic effectiveness of CRT and the occurrence of treatment-associated diarrhoea in rectal cancer. These results indicate the potential for predicting treatment efficacy and adverse events based on the microbiota composition.</p>\\n </section>\\n </div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":10512,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Colorectal Disease\",\"volume\":\"27 5\",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":2.9000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-05-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/codi.70106\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Colorectal Disease\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/codi.70106\",\"RegionNum\":3,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Colorectal Disease","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/codi.70106","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
A pilot study of gut mucosal and faecal microbiota in rectal cancer: associations with histological response and adverse events following preoperative chemoradiotherapy
Aim
Preoperative chemoradiotherapy (CRT) is administered for locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC); however, its efficacy and toxicity vary among patients. This study aimed to elucidate the relationship between the gut microbiota and the effectiveness and adverse events of CRT.
Methods
This prospective study included 21 patients with LARC with no history of antibiotic or probiotic administration for 6 months. Tumour mucosa, non-tumour mucosa and faecal samples were collected before and after CRT, and bacterial DNA was extracted. Metataxonomic analysis targeting the V3 and V4 regions of the 16S rRNA gene was conducted to determine the diversity and composition of the microbiota. Linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) was used to explore potential bacterial taxa predicting pathological complete response (pCR) and treatment-associated diarrhoea, which are major adverse events of CRT.
Results
Among the 21 patients, five achieved pCR and seven experienced severe treatment-associated diarrhoea. There were no significant differences in α-diversity and β-diversity of the microbiota between the groups at any sampling sites before or after CRT. Exploratory analysis using LEfSe identified Peptostreptococcus, Coprococcus and Phoceaicola in the tumour mucosa before CRT as significant indicators for achieving pCR. Additionally, Collinsella, Haemophilus and Desulfovibrionaceae are associated with treatment-associated diarrhoea. Microbiome composition changed before and after CRT, with a notable decrease in the genus Fusobacterium_C and other taxa. β-diversity in the tumour area also changed significantly (P = 0.03).
Conclusions
This study suggests an association between the gut microbiota, the therapeutic effectiveness of CRT and the occurrence of treatment-associated diarrhoea in rectal cancer. These results indicate the potential for predicting treatment efficacy and adverse events based on the microbiota composition.
期刊介绍：
Diseases of the colon and rectum are common and offer a number of exciting challenges. Clinical, diagnostic and basic science research is expanding rapidly. There is increasing demand from purchasers of health care and patients for clinicians to keep abreast of the latest research and developments, and to translate these into routine practice. Technological advances in diagnosis, surgical technique, new pharmaceuticals, molecular genetics and other basic sciences have transformed many aspects of how these diseases are managed. Such progress will accelerate.
Colorectal Disease offers a real benefit to subscribers and authors. It is first and foremost a vehicle for publishing original research relating to the demanding, rapidly expanding field of colorectal diseases.
Essential for surgeons, pathologists, oncologists, gastroenterologists and health professionals caring for patients with a disease of the lower GI tract, Colorectal Disease furthers education and inter-professional development by including regular review articles and discussions of current controversies.
Note that the journal does not usually accept paediatric surgical papers.
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