{"title":"溶胶-凝胶法制备掺锂68S生物活性玻璃的结构、生物学和骨诱导性能评价——人牙髓干细胞体外研究","authors":"Pejman Janbaz, Faeze Behzadpour, Kiana Ghanadan","doi":"10.1002/cre2.70139","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div>\n \n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Objectives</h3>\n \n <p>Calcium silicate–based bioactive glass shows enhanced ion release capabilities and promotes the formation of hydroxyapatite (HA). This study aimed to synthesize a sol–gel–derived 68S bioactive glass (BAG) incorporating lithium (Li) and evaluate its structural, biological, and osteoinductive properties using human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs).</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\n \n <p>Two types of 68S BAG were synthesized using the sol–gel method: one containing 5 mol.% lithium nitrate (BGLi5) and a lithium-free control (BG). Structural characterization and HA formation were assessed using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) before and after immersion in simulated body fluid (SBF) on Days 1, 3, and 7. The dissolution rates of the specimens were evaluated using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES) and pH analysis. Biological activities were investigated through cell viability (MTT assay), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) enzyme activity, and alizarin red staining to assess mineralization. Additionally, the antimicrobial efficacy of the materials was tested against <i>Streptococcus mutans</i> (SM).</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Results</h3>\n \n <p>FTIR and FESEM analyses confirmed the formation of HA crystals in BGLi5 specimens by Day 3 and in BG specimens by Day 7. The MTT assay demonstrated enhanced cell viability in both BG and BGLi5 compared to the control group. ALP activity, a marker of cell differentiation, was significantly elevated in the BGLi5-DM group by Day 14. Alizarin red staining on Day 21 revealed a marked increase in mineralization in both BG and BGLi5, with the BGLi5-DM group showing the highest mineralization levels. Furthermore, both BG and BGLi5 demonstrated significant antimicrobial activity against <i>SM</i>.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Conclusion</h3>\n \n <p>The sol–gel–derived 68S BAG containing 5 mol.% Li is a biocompatible material that enhances cell proliferation, differentiation, and mineralization. The combination of BGLi5 with differentiation-specific culture medium synergistically promotes osteogenic differentiation and mineralization, making it a promising candidate for dental and bone tissue engineering applications.</p>\n </section>\n </div>","PeriodicalId":10203,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Dental Research","volume":"11 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7000,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cre2.70139","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Evaluation of the Structural, Biological, and Bone Induction Properties of Sol–Gel–Derived Lithium-Doped 68S Bioactive Glass—An in Vitro Study on Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells\",\"authors\":\"Pejman Janbaz, Faeze Behzadpour, Kiana Ghanadan\",\"doi\":\"10.1002/cre2.70139\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div>\\n \\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Objectives</h3>\\n \\n <p>Calcium silicate–based bioactive glass shows enhanced ion release capabilities and promotes the formation of hydroxyapatite (HA). This study aimed to synthesize a sol–gel–derived 68S bioactive glass (BAG) incorporating lithium (Li) and evaluate its structural, biological, and osteoinductive properties using human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs).</p>\\n </section>\\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\\n \\n <p>Two types of 68S BAG were synthesized using the sol–gel method: one containing 5 mol.% lithium nitrate (BGLi5) and a lithium-free control (BG). Structural characterization and HA formation were assessed using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) before and after immersion in simulated body fluid (SBF) on Days 1, 3, and 7. The dissolution rates of the specimens were evaluated using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES) and pH analysis. Biological activities were investigated through cell viability (MTT assay), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) enzyme activity, and alizarin red staining to assess mineralization. Additionally, the antimicrobial efficacy of the materials was tested against <i>Streptococcus mutans</i> (SM).</p>\\n </section>\\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Results</h3>\\n \\n <p>FTIR and FESEM analyses confirmed the formation of HA crystals in BGLi5 specimens by Day 3 and in BG specimens by Day 7. The MTT assay demonstrated enhanced cell viability in both BG and BGLi5 compared to the control group. ALP activity, a marker of cell differentiation, was significantly elevated in the BGLi5-DM group by Day 14. Alizarin red staining on Day 21 revealed a marked increase in mineralization in both BG and BGLi5, with the BGLi5-DM group showing the highest mineralization levels. Furthermore, both BG and BGLi5 demonstrated significant antimicrobial activity against <i>SM</i>.</p>\\n </section>\\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Conclusion</h3>\\n \\n <p>The sol–gel–derived 68S BAG containing 5 mol.% Li is a biocompatible material that enhances cell proliferation, differentiation, and mineralization. The combination of BGLi5 with differentiation-specific culture medium synergistically promotes osteogenic differentiation and mineralization, making it a promising candidate for dental and bone tissue engineering applications.</p>\\n </section>\\n </div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":10203,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Clinical and Experimental Dental Research\",\"volume\":\"11 3\",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":1.7000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-04-30\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cre2.70139\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Clinical and Experimental Dental Research\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/cre2.70139\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q3\",\"JCRName\":\"DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Clinical and Experimental Dental Research","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/cre2.70139","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE","Score":null,"Total":0}
Evaluation of the Structural, Biological, and Bone Induction Properties of Sol–Gel–Derived Lithium-Doped 68S Bioactive Glass—An in Vitro Study on Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells
Objectives
Calcium silicate–based bioactive glass shows enhanced ion release capabilities and promotes the formation of hydroxyapatite (HA). This study aimed to synthesize a sol–gel–derived 68S bioactive glass (BAG) incorporating lithium (Li) and evaluate its structural, biological, and osteoinductive properties using human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs).
Materials and Methods
Two types of 68S BAG were synthesized using the sol–gel method: one containing 5 mol.% lithium nitrate (BGLi5) and a lithium-free control (BG). Structural characterization and HA formation were assessed using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) before and after immersion in simulated body fluid (SBF) on Days 1, 3, and 7. The dissolution rates of the specimens were evaluated using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES) and pH analysis. Biological activities were investigated through cell viability (MTT assay), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) enzyme activity, and alizarin red staining to assess mineralization. Additionally, the antimicrobial efficacy of the materials was tested against Streptococcus mutans (SM).
Results
FTIR and FESEM analyses confirmed the formation of HA crystals in BGLi5 specimens by Day 3 and in BG specimens by Day 7. The MTT assay demonstrated enhanced cell viability in both BG and BGLi5 compared to the control group. ALP activity, a marker of cell differentiation, was significantly elevated in the BGLi5-DM group by Day 14. Alizarin red staining on Day 21 revealed a marked increase in mineralization in both BG and BGLi5, with the BGLi5-DM group showing the highest mineralization levels. Furthermore, both BG and BGLi5 demonstrated significant antimicrobial activity against SM.
Conclusion
The sol–gel–derived 68S BAG containing 5 mol.% Li is a biocompatible material that enhances cell proliferation, differentiation, and mineralization. The combination of BGLi5 with differentiation-specific culture medium synergistically promotes osteogenic differentiation and mineralization, making it a promising candidate for dental and bone tissue engineering applications.
期刊介绍：
Clinical and Experimental Dental Research aims to provide open access peer-reviewed publications of high scientific quality representing original clinical, diagnostic or experimental work within all disciplines and fields of oral medicine and dentistry. The scope of Clinical and Experimental Dental Research comprises original research material on the anatomy, physiology and pathology of oro-facial, oro-pharyngeal and maxillofacial tissues, and functions and dysfunctions within the stomatognathic system, and the epidemiology, aetiology, prevention, diagnosis, prognosis and therapy of diseases and conditions that have an effect on the homeostasis of the mouth, jaws, and closely associated structures, as well as the healing and regeneration and the clinical aspects of replacement of hard and soft tissues with biomaterials, and the rehabilitation of stomatognathic functions. Studies that bring new knowledge on how to advance health on the individual or public health levels, including interactions between oral and general health and ill-health are welcome.
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