埃塞俄比亚西北部科拉迪巴地区疟疾流行病学和驱虫蚊帐的使用情况

IF 2.7 Q2 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Scientific African Pub Date : 2025-04-25 DOI:10.1016/j.sciaf.2025.e02720

Halima Nuru , Zinaye Tekeste , Amir Alelign

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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景在许多撒哈拉以南非洲国家，缺乏关于疟疾流行病学和驱虫蚊帐使用情况的最新数据，这些数据有助于卫生规划人员及时实施纠正措施和加强早期防备。本研究旨在评估埃塞俄比亚西北部Kola Diba镇的疟疾流行及相关危险因素、疟疾知识和ITN使用情况。方法于2023年3月至5月在埃塞俄比亚西北部科拉迪巴进行了一项基于卫生机构的横断面研究。在研究期间到科拉迪巴初级医院就诊的404人被纳入研究。收集了每个研究参与者的血液样本，并检查了疟疾寄生虫的存在。采用结构化问卷收集有关社会人口统计学、疟疾及其危险因素知识和ITN使用情况的数据。结果研究区疟疾总流行率为26.45%。恶性疟原虫（P. falciparum）、间日疟原虫（P. vivax）和两种寄生虫共感染的比例分别为19.55%、5.20%和1.73%。居住在死水附近的参与者(调整优势比（AOR）(95%置信区间（CI) = 2.06(1.05-4.01)）和房屋墙壁上有洞(AOR （95% CI) = 3.07(1.61-5.88)）更容易感染疟疾。城市居民(AOR （95% CI) = 0.56(0.34-0.92)）和ITN使用者(AOR （95% CI) = 0.35(0.21-0.60)）的疟疾感染几率较低。91.83%的参与者听说过疟疾，77.23%的人认识到至少一种疟疾的体征或症状，98.02%的人知道蚊子可以传播疟疾。结论研究区疟疾流行率较高，居住和使用蚊帐等因素与疟疾感染有关，需要采取有针对性的干预措施，减轻危险因素，减少传播。

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Epidemiology of malaria and utilization of insecticide-treated bed nets in Kola Diba, northwest Ethiopia

Background

In many sub-Saharan African countries, there is a paucity of recent data on the epidemiology of malaria and utilization of insecticide-treated bed nets (ITNs), which aid health planners in implementing timely corrective measures and enhancing early preparedness. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and associated risk factors of malaria, malaria knowledge, and ITN utilization in Kola Diba town, northwest Ethiopia.

Methods

A health facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted from March to May 2023 in Kola Diba, northwest Ethiopia. A total of 404 individuals who visited Kola Diba Primary Hospital during the study period were included in the study. Blood samples were collected from each study participant and examined for the presence of malaria parasites. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data on socio-demographics, knowledge of malaria and its risk factors, and ITN utilization.

Results

The overall malaria prevalence in the study area was 26.45 %. Plasmodium falciparum (P. falciparum), Plasmodium vivax (P. vivax), and co-infection by the two parasites were identified in 19.55 %, 5.20 %, and 1.73 % of participants, respectively. Participants who lived near stagnant water (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) (95 % confidence interval (CI) = 2.06 (1.05–4.01)) and had a hole in their house wall (AOR (95 % CI) = 3.07 (1.61–5.88)) were more likely to get malaria. Urban residents (AOR (95 % CI) = 0.56 (0.34–0.92)) and ITN users (AOR (95 % CI) = 0.35 (0.21–0.60)) had lower odds of malaria infection. 91.83 % of participants had heard of malaria, 77.23 % recognized at least one sign or symptom of malaria, and 98.02 % were aware that mosquitos can spread malaria.

Conclusion

There was a high prevalence of malaria in the study area, and factors such as residence and utilization of ITNs were associated with malaria infection, underscoring the need for targeted interventions to mitigate risk factors and reduce transmission.

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