Concord grape (Vitis labrusca ‘Concord’) pomace extract impacts dextran sulfate sodium-induced inflammation in ovo (Gallus gallus)

Grape pomace is the primary byproduct of grape juice and wine production. Grape pomace has a diverse phenolic profile; hence many conclude grape pomace is anti-inflammatory. However, its impact on intestinal inflammation in vivo remains under studied and unclear. The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential anti-inflammatory effects of grape pomace in the intestines in vivo. This study adapted the intra-amniotic administration (in ovo) method to include two injections: dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) to induce intestinal inflammation followed by grape pomace extract to intervene. Tight junction and pro-inflammatory cytokine analyses revealed tissue-specific expression patterns in response to DSS and GPE. The extract did not reverse DSS-induced duodenal morphology or cecal microbial changes. These results highlight grape pomace's potential to normalize DSS-induced inflammation and the need for further investigation to solidify its intestinal health impact.