关键材料精细化工程提高质子交换膜燃料电池冷启动性能

Zhiyuan Ge, Shuying Xu, Xiaoyang Fu* and Zipeng Zhao*, 
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引用次数: 0

摘要

质子交换膜燃料电池(pemfc)以其高效、环保的特点成为重要的零排放电源。它们被广泛采用的一个关键特性是低温冷启动的性能。然而,在零下的温度下,采出水的冻结会阻碍甚至导致燃料电池启动过程的失败。为了在这种条件下成功实现冷启动,PEMFC必须快速可靠地从完全冷却状态过渡到稳定的工作状态。各种改进都集中在系统工程方面来解决这个挑战,然而这些方法中的许多都有它们的缺点。本文从关键材料工程的角度综述了PEMFC冷启动技术的最新进展。详细介绍了质子交换膜(PEM)、催化剂层、微孔层(MPL)和气体扩散层(GDL)对冷启动性能的影响。进一步分析表明,提高冷启动性能的基本机制可以概括为三个方面:增加离聚体中结合水的比例,阻碍过冷水向冰的转化过程,提高过冷水的去除率,或确保在膜电极组件(MEA)冻结之前将其输送到外部。通过精确调节这些关键组件,可以开发一种简单节能的解决方案,以提高PEMFC的冷启动性能。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Improving the Cold-Start Performance of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells via Precision Engineering of Key Materials

Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) have emerged as important zero-emission power sources due to their efficiency and eco-friendly characteristics. A critical feature required for their widespread adoption is the performance of low-temperature cold start. However, at subzero degrees Celsius, the freezing of the produced water can hinder or even lead to failure of the fuel cell start-up process. To successfully achieve a cold start under such conditions, the PEMFC must rapidly and reliably transition from a fully cooled state to a stable operating condition. Various improvements have been focused on the system engineering aspect to address this challenge, yet many of these methods come with their drawbacks. This paper reviews the recent progress of the PEMFC cold start from the perspective of key materials engineering. It provides a detailed summary of how the proton exchange membrane (PEM), catalyst layer, microporous layer (MPL), and gas diffusion layer (GDL) affect the cold-start performance. Further analysis reveals that the fundamental mechanisms of improving cold-start performance can be summarized into three aspects: increasing the ratio of water bound in the ionomer, hindering the transformation process from supercooled water to ice, improving the removal of supercooled water, or ensuring it is transported to the outside of the membrane electrode assembly (MEA) before it gets frozen. By precisely regulating these key components, it is possible to develop a simple and energy-efficient solution for improving the cold start performance of the PEMFC.

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来源期刊
Precision Chemistry
Precision Chemistry 精密化学技术-
CiteScore
0.80
自引率
0.00%
发文量
0
期刊介绍: Chemical research focused on precision enables more controllable predictable and accurate outcomes which in turn drive innovation in measurement science sustainable materials information materials personalized medicines energy environmental science and countless other fields requiring chemical insights.Precision Chemistry provides a unique and highly focused publishing venue for fundamental applied and interdisciplinary research aiming to achieve precision calculation design synthesis manipulation measurement and manufacturing. It is committed to bringing together researchers from across the chemical sciences and the related scientific areas to showcase original research and critical reviews of exceptional quality significance and interest to the broad chemistry and scientific community.
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