Multicomponent Synthesis of Thiazolidinone -Bis Schiff Base Hybrids and Evaluation of Their Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activity

Highly efficient one-pot multicomponent synthesis of privileged heterocycle thiazolidinone-bis Schiff base hybrids has been achieved employing sulfamic as an efficient catalyst. A library of its derivatives was introduced in moderate to high yield under mild conditions. The synthesized compounds (5a-5j) were diagnosed by spectral methods such as IR, NMR, and mass spectroscopy and screened for antioxidant and antibacterial activities, including DPPH scavenging activity, ferric-reducing power assay, and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). Among these, compound 5e demonstrated the best performance across all assays. Specifically, it exhibited the highest DPPH free radical scavenging activity with an IC50 of 37.40 ± 0.79 µg mL⁻¹, the most effective ferric reducing power with an IC50 of 40.56 ± 0.16 µg mL⁻¹ and had MIC values of > 12.5 µg mL⁻¹ for Escherichia coli and > 6.25 µg mL⁻¹ for Bacillus subtilis. These findings indicate the potential of compound 5e as a promising candidate for antioxidant and antimicrobial applications. The mechanism of action of compound 5e and the evaluation of its potentiality for therapeutic use will be explored in the near future.