Experiences of Patients With Cancer With the Facilitators of and Barriers to Preoperative Physical Activity: A Qualitative Systematic Review

Purpose: To explore the experiences of patients with cancer with preoperative physical activity.

Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted on CINAHL, MEDLINE, Scopus and PsycINFO in February 2025. 31 studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were selected for analysis. The data were subjected to inductive content analysis.

Results: There is great variation in preoperative physical activity guidance, the content of physical activity, the physical exercises performed and the amount and duration of physical training. Preoperative physical activity is facilitated by the experience of increased well-being, the experience of improved coping with cancer, the experience of the importance of physical activity, social support and physical activity resources. Preoperative physical activity is limited by health limitations, inadequate knowledge about physical activity, a negative attitude towards physical activity and inadequate physical activity resources.

Conclusion: Healthcare professionals should discuss physical activity with patients diagnosed with cancer as part of cancer treatment. Furthermore, patients should be provided with information on the health and well-being benefits of preoperative physical activity and offered an opportunity to participate in physical activity programs that reflect their personal characteristics, preferences and available physical activity resources.