{"title":"钠离子电池硬碳阳极低电位平台的替代指数预测规则","authors":"Yunfei Xue, Yaxin Chen, Yazhan Liang, Liluo Shi, Rui Ma, Xia Qiu, Ying Li, Nannan Guo, Quanchao Zhuang, Baojuan Xi, Zhicheng Ju, Shenglin Xiong","doi":"10.1002/adma.202417886","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p>Establishing prediction rules for the low-potential plateau (LPP) of hard carbon (HC) anodes is crucial for constructing high-energy-density sodium-ion batteries (SIBs). While current studies suggest that the closed pores of HC can enhance the LPP performance, the rules for directly predicting the LPP from precursors have yet to be established. Here, prediction rules for the LPP of HC anodes in SIBs—the substitution index (<i>Δ</i>) of precursor are introduced. Three carbon models (disordered carbon, closed-pore-dominated carbon, and turbostratic carbon) are constructed to verify the accuracy of <i>Δ</i> and to explore the closed-pore formation and LPP mechanism. In detail, as the <i>Δ</i> increases from 0.06 to 0.22, the LPP capacity rises from 25 to 278 mAh g⁻¹, revealing a strong linear correlation between <i>Δ</i> of precursor and LPP capacity. In situ XRD, Raman, and ex situ SAXS, EPR further confirm that sodium storage in HC can be categorized into adsorption (>0.4 V), interlayer storage (0.4 to 0.15 V), and pore-filling (below 0.15 V). This work not only elucidates the sodium storage mechanisms, but also provides one efficient design guideline for advanced carbon anodes in SIBs.</p>","PeriodicalId":114,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Materials","volume":"37 28","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":26.8000,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Substitution Index-Prediction Rules for Low-Potential Plateau of Hard Carbon Anodes in Sodium-Ion Batteries\",\"authors\":\"Yunfei Xue, Yaxin Chen, Yazhan Liang, Liluo Shi, Rui Ma, Xia Qiu, Ying Li, Nannan Guo, Quanchao Zhuang, Baojuan Xi, Zhicheng Ju, Shenglin Xiong\",\"doi\":\"10.1002/adma.202417886\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p>Establishing prediction rules for the low-potential plateau (LPP) of hard carbon (HC) anodes is crucial for constructing high-energy-density sodium-ion batteries (SIBs). While current studies suggest that the closed pores of HC can enhance the LPP performance, the rules for directly predicting the LPP from precursors have yet to be established. Here, prediction rules for the LPP of HC anodes in SIBs—the substitution index (<i>Δ</i>) of precursor are introduced. Three carbon models (disordered carbon, closed-pore-dominated carbon, and turbostratic carbon) are constructed to verify the accuracy of <i>Δ</i> and to explore the closed-pore formation and LPP mechanism. In detail, as the <i>Δ</i> increases from 0.06 to 0.22, the LPP capacity rises from 25 to 278 mAh g⁻¹, revealing a strong linear correlation between <i>Δ</i> of precursor and LPP capacity. In situ XRD, Raman, and ex situ SAXS, EPR further confirm that sodium storage in HC can be categorized into adsorption (>0.4 V), interlayer storage (0.4 to 0.15 V), and pore-filling (below 0.15 V). This work not only elucidates the sodium storage mechanisms, but also provides one efficient design guideline for advanced carbon anodes in SIBs.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":114,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Advanced Materials\",\"volume\":\"37 28\",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":26.8000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-04-25\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Advanced Materials\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"88\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/adma.202417886\",\"RegionNum\":1,\"RegionCategory\":\"材料科学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Advanced Materials","FirstCategoryId":"88","ListUrlMain":"https://advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/adma.202417886","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
摘要
建立硬碳(HC)阳极低电位平台(LPP)预测规则对于构建高能量密度钠离子电池(sib)至关重要。虽然目前的研究表明,HC的封闭孔隙可以提高LPP的性能,但从前驱体直接预测LPP的规则尚未建立。本文介绍了sib中HC阳极LPP的预测规律——前驱物取代指数(Δ)。为了验证Δ模型的准确性,构建了无序碳模型、闭孔碳模型和涡层碳模型,探讨了闭孔形成和LPP机理。当Δ从0.06增加到0.22时,LPP的容量从25 mAh g⁻¹增加到278 mAh g⁻¹,说明前驱体的Δ与LPP的容量有很强的线性关系。原位XRD、Raman、非原位SAXS、EPR进一步证实了HC中钠的存储可分为吸附(0.4 V)、层间存储(0.4 ~ 0.15 V)和孔隙填充(0.15 V以下)。该工作不仅阐明了钠的存储机制,而且为sib中先进碳阳极的设计提供了一种有效的指导。
Substitution Index-Prediction Rules for Low-Potential Plateau of Hard Carbon Anodes in Sodium-Ion Batteries
Establishing prediction rules for the low-potential plateau (LPP) of hard carbon (HC) anodes is crucial for constructing high-energy-density sodium-ion batteries (SIBs). While current studies suggest that the closed pores of HC can enhance the LPP performance, the rules for directly predicting the LPP from precursors have yet to be established. Here, prediction rules for the LPP of HC anodes in SIBs—the substitution index (Δ) of precursor are introduced. Three carbon models (disordered carbon, closed-pore-dominated carbon, and turbostratic carbon) are constructed to verify the accuracy of Δ and to explore the closed-pore formation and LPP mechanism. In detail, as the Δ increases from 0.06 to 0.22, the LPP capacity rises from 25 to 278 mAh g⁻¹, revealing a strong linear correlation between Δ of precursor and LPP capacity. In situ XRD, Raman, and ex situ SAXS, EPR further confirm that sodium storage in HC can be categorized into adsorption (>0.4 V), interlayer storage (0.4 to 0.15 V), and pore-filling (below 0.15 V). This work not only elucidates the sodium storage mechanisms, but also provides one efficient design guideline for advanced carbon anodes in SIBs.
期刊介绍:
Advanced Materials, one of the world's most prestigious journals and the foundation of the Advanced portfolio, is the home of choice for best-in-class materials science for more than 30 years. Following this fast-growing and interdisciplinary field, we are considering and publishing the most important discoveries on any and all materials from materials scientists, chemists, physicists, engineers as well as health and life scientists and bringing you the latest results and trends in modern materials-related research every week.