通过扩散和神经信号的中继和放大,丘脑上核的大脑时钟协调全球时钟

IF 2.4 4区 医学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES
Rae Silver, Yifan Yao, Jihwan Myung
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引用次数: 0

摘要

位于下丘脑视交叉上核(SCN)的大脑时钟接受直接的视网膜输入,从而为整个身体提供外部太阳时间的内部表征。这个小核发出如此广泛信号的途径包括共同发生的神经和扩散输出信号,尽管后者鲜为人知。门静脉通路,如众所周知的垂体门静脉通路,提供了一种机制,即神经来源的信号可以到达局部,专门的目标,而不会在全身血液供应中被稀释。新发现的血管通路涉及每个感觉室周核与大脑连接点之间的直接连接。这些核排列在脑室内,其渗漏的血管和大的血管周围空间代表了一条途径,SCN的分泌物可以被传递和放大,为实现昼夜节律时钟信号的全球协调提供了一条途径。这篇综述提供了一个叙述,结合我们对SCN神经和扩散输出信号的理解,特别强调脑流体室和其中的流体的贡献。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Global Clock Coordination by the Brain Clock in the Suprachiasmatic Nucleus Through Relay and Amplification of Diffusible and Neural Signaling

Global Clock Coordination by the Brain Clock in the Suprachiasmatic Nucleus Through Relay and Amplification of Diffusible and Neural Signaling

The brain clock located in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the hypothalamus receives direct retinal input, thereby providing the entire body with an internal representation of external solar time. The pathways by which this small nucleus signals so broadly involve co-occurring nervous and diffusible output signals, although the latter are less understood. Portal pathways, such as the well-known pituitary portal pathway, provide a mechanism, whereby signals of neural origin can reach local, specialized targets without suffering dilution in the systemic blood supply. Newly discovered vascular pathways involve direct connections between each of the sensory circumventricular nuclei at its point of attachment to the brain. These nuclei line the brain's ventricles, and their leaky blood vessels and large perivascular spaces represent a route, whereby secretions from the SCN can be relayed and then amplified, providing a pathway to achieve global coordination of circadian clock signaling. This review provides a narrative that incorporates our understanding of SCN neural and diffusible output signals, with particular emphasis on the contribution of brain fluidic compartments and the fluids therein.

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来源期刊
European Journal of Neuroscience
European Journal of Neuroscience 医学-神经科学
CiteScore
7.10
自引率
5.90%
发文量
305
审稿时长
3.5 months
期刊介绍: EJN is the journal of FENS and supports the international neuroscientific community by publishing original high quality research articles and reviews in all fields of neuroscience. In addition, to engage with issues that are of interest to the science community, we also publish Editorials, Meetings Reports and Neuro-Opinions on topics that are of current interest in the fields of neuroscience research and training in science. We have recently established a series of ‘Profiles of Women in Neuroscience’. Our goal is to provide a vehicle for publications that further the understanding of the structure and function of the nervous system in both health and disease and to provide a vehicle to engage the neuroscience community. As the official journal of FENS, profits from the journal are re-invested in the neuroscientific community through the activities of FENS.
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