Adaptive Operation of SS- and LCC- Compensated IPT Systems With High Tolerance to Magnetic Coupling Coefficient Variations

This paper proposes an adaptive operation of an IPT system that can manage significant variations in the value of the magnetic coupling coefficient $k$. It employs a proportional-integral (PI) and a predictive-integral (Pred-I) controller to regulate the DC bus voltage and the battery current on the vehicle assembly (VA) side, respectively. Furthermore, an expert controller is implemented at a higher hierarchical level to monitor the behavior of both control loops and to determine when it is necessary to adapt the IPT system operation. The control tasks are managed solely by the EV, and the charger placed on the parking side operates with no control loop applied. Consequently, the need for real-time data exchange for control purposes between both sides of the magnetic coupling is avoided, and the operation and implementation of the ground assembly (GA) side are simplified. The experimental validation of the proposed operation was conducted on a 3-kW prototype featuring three different air gaps, which is capable of operating either with both a Series-Series (SS) or an LCC compensation network. As a result, the proper operation and adaptation of the system was assessed considering a variation of more than 100% between the lower an higher values of $k$.