2023-2024年法国人细小病毒B19感染爆发的临床和分子流行病学分析

IF 4 3区医学 Q2 VIROLOGY

Journal of Clinical Virology Pub Date : 2025-04-18 DOI:10.1016/j.jcv.2025.105798

Elisa Creuzet , Wendy Pulby , Christine Archimbaud , Amélie Brebion , Hélène Chabrolles , Audrey Mirand , Ophélie Perruche , Mathilde Picard , Christel Regagnon , Céline Lambert , Siméon Bakyono , Jean-Luc Bailly , Maxime Bisseux , Cécile Henquell

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引用次数: 0

摘要

人细小病毒B19 （B19V）感染周期发生在3- 4年，是造成儿童良性感染性红斑的原因。它也与潜在溶血性疾病患者的短暂性再生危象和严重的胎儿有时致命的感染有关。本研究调查了2023-2024年一次异常大规模B19V暴发的流行病学、临床和分子特征。方法回顾性和前瞻性记录2018年1月至2023年11月和2023年12月至2024年5月（2023/2024）法国克莱蒙费朗大学医院实验室确诊病例。调查了2023/2024年期间的人口统计学和临床数据。下一代测序获得2690 nt亚基因组序列，用于病毒基因分型和时间分子分析。结果2023年12月- 2024年5月B19V阳性实验室确诊病例阳性率比前5年同期(14.6% vs 2.1%, p <；0.001)。没有观察到不典型的临床表现或增加的致病性，但这次大爆发导致孕妇（8/16,50.0%的胎儿并发症）和慢性贫血的严重感染人数增加。系统发育分析显示，法国和欧洲2023/2024年爆发的疫情主要是由2017年出现的B19V 1a亚基因型预先存在的谱系驱动的（95%最高后验密度区间：2000-2018年）。结论近期B19V感染的流行再次说明了大流行后COVID-19大流行的免疫缺口。这突出了任何疫情对高危人群的影响，以及加强全球和基因组监测的必要性。

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Insights into the clinical and molecular epidemiology of an infections outbreak of human parvovirus B19 in France, 2023–2024

Background

The human parvovirus B19 (B19V) infections cycle occurs in 3- to 4-year periods and is responsible for benign childhood erythema infectiosum. It is also associated with transient aplastic crisis in patients with underlying hemolytic diseases and with severe fetal sometimes fatal infection. This study investigated the epidemiological, clinical and molecular characteristics of an unusually large 2023–2024 outbreak of B19V.

Methods

Laboratory-confirmed cases were retrospectively and prospectively recorded at the Clermont-Ferrand University Hospital, France, between January, 2018 and November, 2023 and between December 2023 and May 2024 (2023/2024), respectively. Demographical and clinical data were investigated for the 2023/2024 period. Subgenome sequences (2690 nt) were obtained by next generation sequencing for virus genotyping and temporal molecular analysis.

Results

The positive rate of B19V positive laboratory-confirmed cases was seven times higher between December 2023 and May 2024 than in the previous 5-year period (14.6 % vs 2.1 %, p < 0.001). No atypical clinical presentation or increased pathogenicity were observed, but this large outbreak resulted in a higher number of severe infections in pregnant women (8/16, 50.0 % of fetal complications) and those with chronic anemia. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the 2023/2024 outbreak in France and Europe was mainly driven by a pre-existing lineage of B19V 1a subgenotype that emerged in 2017 (95 % highest posterior density interval: 2000–2018).

Conclusions

The recent epidemic of B19V infections re-illustrates the immunity gap of the post-pandemic COVID-19 pandemic. This highlight the impact of any outbreak on at-risk population and the need for a more global and genomic surveillance.

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来源期刊

Journal of Clinical Virology 医学-病毒学

CiteScore

22.70

自引率

1.10%

发文量

149

审稿时长

24 days

期刊介绍： The Journal of Clinical Virology, an esteemed international publication, serves as the official journal for both the Pan American Society for Clinical Virology and The European Society for Clinical Virology. Dedicated to advancing the understanding of human virology in clinical settings, the Journal of Clinical Virology focuses on disseminating research papers and reviews pertaining to the clinical aspects of virology. Its scope encompasses articles discussing diagnostic methodologies and virus-induced clinical conditions, with an emphasis on practicality and relevance to clinical practice. The journal publishes on topics that include: • new diagnostic technologies • nucleic acid amplification and serologic testing • targeted and metagenomic next-generation sequencing • emerging pandemic viral threats • respiratory viruses • transplant viruses • chronic viral infections • cancer-associated viruses • gastrointestinal viruses • central nervous system viruses • one health (excludes animal health)