胃肠癌患者营养管理的知识、态度和实践：一项横断面研究

IF 2.4 3区医学 Q1 NURSING

Asia-Pacific Journal of Oncology Nursing Pub Date : 2025-03-11 DOI:10.1016/j.apjon.2025.100688

Xiaoxu Zhi , Jie Chen , Liu Yang , Sheng Li , Liuliu Zhang , Yun Zhao , Min Wang , Zhiyan Zhou , Funa Yang , Zhie Gu , Xiaoju Zhang , Huizi Tian , Qin Xu , Jun Yao

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引用次数: 0

摘要

目的了解胃肠道肿瘤患者营养管理的知识、态度和实践情况。方法于2023年12月至2024年5月在中国江苏、河南、上海和天津的医院进行描述性横断面研究。参与者完成了收集人口统计数据的问卷调查，并评估了他们对营养管理的KAP。结果共回收有效问卷1239份。在参与者中，769人（62.1%）是男性，452人（36.5%）被诊断患有胃肠道癌症不到6个月。表现出充分知识、积极态度和积极行为的参与者比例分别为1018人（82.1%）、328人（26.4%）和403人（32.5%）。多因素logistic回归确定了与主动治疗相关的几个独立因素，包括足够的知识，缺乏保险，胃肠道肿瘤持续时间2-3年或更长，对营养管理没有疑问，缺乏营养筛查，以及有其他人作为主要照顾者。结构方程模型揭示了知识对两种态度的直接影响(β = 0.308, P <；0.001)和实践(β = 0.475, P <；0.001)，以及对实践的态度(β = 0.286, P <；0.001)。知识通过态度间接影响实践(β = 0.088, P <；0.001)。结论大多数胃肠道肿瘤患者对营养管理有充分的了解，但态度消极，实践不积极。这些发现突出表明，迫切需要有针对性的教育干预措施，以弥合知识差距，并鼓励更积极地参与营养指南。

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Knowledge, attitudes, and practices toward nutritional management among patients with gastrointestinal cancer: A cross-sectional study

Objective

This study aimed to evaluate the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) regarding nutritional management among patients with gastrointestinal cancer.

Methods

A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2023 to May 2024 across hospitals in Jiangsu, Henan, Shanghai, and Tianjin, China. Participants completed questionnaires that collected demographic data and assessed their KAP toward nutritional management.

Results

A total of 1239 valid questionnaires were analyzed. Among the participants, 769 (62.1%) were male, and 452 (36.5%) had been diagnosed with gastrointestinal cancer for less than six months. The proportion of participants demonstrating adequate knowledge, positive attitudes, and proactive practices were 1018 (82.1%), 328 (26.4%), and 403 (32.5%), respectively. Multivariate logistic regression identified several factors independently associated with proactive practices, including adequate knowledge, lack of insurance, a gastrointestinal tumor duration of 2–3 years or more, no doubts about nutritional management, absence of nutritional screening, and having others as primary caregivers. Structural equation modeling revealed direct effects of knowledge on both attitude (β = 0.308, P < 0.001) and practice (β = 0.475, P < 0.001), as well as of attitude on practice (β = 0.286, P < 0.001). Additionally, knowledge indirectly influenced practice through attitude (β = 0.088, P < 0.001).

Conclusions

While most gastrointestinal cancer patients demonstrated adequate knowledge regarding nutritional management, their attitudes were predominantly negative, and their practices were largely inactive. These findings highlight a critical need for targeted educational interventions to bridge knowledge gaps and encourage more active engagement with nutritional guidelines.

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