An Improved NSGA-III With Hybrid Crossover Operator for Multi-Objective Optimization of Complex Combined Cooling, Heating, and Power Systems

Traditional combined cooling, heating, and power (CCHP) systems are highly efficient in energy utilization but face challenges such as high operational costs, CO₂ emissions, and complex scheduling. In traditional CCHP systems, typically used in large commercial settings like hospitals or shopping centers, daily operational costs can exceed $1500, and CO₂ emissions often surpass 1.5 tons, limiting broader adoption. This study introduces an improved CCHP system (CCHP-Plus), which integrates photovoltaic thermal (PV/T) technology and energy storage equipments (ESEs) to mitigate these issues. PV/T collectors generate both electricity and heat, reducing natural gas dependence, while ESE balances energy supply and demand for enhanced management. The effectiveness of CCHP-Plus is assessed using three key indicators: primary energy consumption, operational cost, and CO₂ emissions. NSGAIII-AC-GM delivers a 20% reduction in operational costs and a 10% decrease in CO₂ emissions, outperforming seven other algorithms in optimization efficiency on DTLZ and IMOP problems. Furthermore, the algorithm demonstrates superior performance across four CCHP-Plus scenarios, making it a promising solution for sustainable energy systems. These findings offer valuable numerical insights, showcasing the system's potential for real-world applications.