Marjeta Skubic, Katja Vöröš, Mojca Bavdaž, Petra Došenović Bonča, Andraž Perhavec, Tjaša Redek, Ivica Ratoša, Helena Barbara Zobec Logar
{"title":"斯洛文尼亚癌症患者的财务毒性","authors":"Marjeta Skubic, Katja Vöröš, Mojca Bavdaž, Petra Došenović Bonča, Andraž Perhavec, Tjaša Redek, Ivica Ratoša, Helena Barbara Zobec Logar","doi":"10.1002/cam4.70891","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div>\n \n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Background</h3>\n \n <p>The ageing population, increasing medical costs and a number of newly diagnosed cancer cases among the working population are increasing the financial burden on healthcare systems. The extent of financial toxicity in Slovenian patients has been insufficiently researched, as has its impact on quality of life (QoL).</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Methods</h3>\n \n <p>To evaluate financial toxicity, the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy (COST-FACIT) questionnaire was translated into Slovenian, validated, introduced and compared with the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Core Quality of Life Questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-C30). Additional questions were incorporated into the questionnaire to further quantify and objectify financial toxicity.</p>\n \n <p>The study was cross-sectional. The statistical analysis was based on descriptive and inferential statistics and exploratory data analysis.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Results</h3>\n \n <p>Out of 590 analysed participants, financial toxicity was absent in 57.2% but present at mild to moderate levels in 42.8%. Key risk factors included lower income, age ≤ 65, employment, active oncologic treatment, rural residence and religious affiliation. Post hoc analyses showed higher financial toxicity in those with ≤ 600 EUR monthly income, employed patients and spiritual individuals, while cancer type showed no significant differences. The correlation between financial toxicity and QoL was mild. Objective measures of financial toxicity include direct costs (e.g., transportation, supplements and medical devices) and indirect costs (e.g., loss of income) associated with disease and treatment, which burdened more than 40% of the studied population.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Conclusions</h3>\n \n <p>The COST-FACIT proved to be a helpful screening tool for identifying patients at risk, even in a public healthcare system such as the Slovenian system. On average, financial toxicity is low due to the publicly funded financial system covering the treatment and rehabilitation of malignant diseases. The age structure of cancer patients and secure pension income further contribute to this outcome.</p>\n </section>\n </div>","PeriodicalId":139,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Medicine","volume":"14 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1000,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cam4.70891","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Financial Toxicity Among Cancer Patients in Slovenia\",\"authors\":\"Marjeta Skubic, Katja Vöröš, Mojca Bavdaž, Petra Došenović Bonča, Andraž Perhavec, Tjaša Redek, Ivica Ratoša, Helena Barbara Zobec Logar\",\"doi\":\"10.1002/cam4.70891\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div>\\n \\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Background</h3>\\n \\n <p>The ageing population, increasing medical costs and a number of newly diagnosed cancer cases among the working population are increasing the financial burden on healthcare systems. The extent of financial toxicity in Slovenian patients has been insufficiently researched, as has its impact on quality of life (QoL).</p>\\n </section>\\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Methods</h3>\\n \\n <p>To evaluate financial toxicity, the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy (COST-FACIT) questionnaire was translated into Slovenian, validated, introduced and compared with the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Core Quality of Life Questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-C30). Additional questions were incorporated into the questionnaire to further quantify and objectify financial toxicity.</p>\\n \\n <p>The study was cross-sectional. The statistical analysis was based on descriptive and inferential statistics and exploratory data analysis.</p>\\n </section>\\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Results</h3>\\n \\n <p>Out of 590 analysed participants, financial toxicity was absent in 57.2% but present at mild to moderate levels in 42.8%. Key risk factors included lower income, age ≤ 65, employment, active oncologic treatment, rural residence and religious affiliation. Post hoc analyses showed higher financial toxicity in those with ≤ 600 EUR monthly income, employed patients and spiritual individuals, while cancer type showed no significant differences. The correlation between financial toxicity and QoL was mild. Objective measures of financial toxicity include direct costs (e.g., transportation, supplements and medical devices) and indirect costs (e.g., loss of income) associated with disease and treatment, which burdened more than 40% of the studied population.</p>\\n </section>\\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Conclusions</h3>\\n \\n <p>The COST-FACIT proved to be a helpful screening tool for identifying patients at risk, even in a public healthcare system such as the Slovenian system. 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Financial Toxicity Among Cancer Patients in Slovenia
Background
The ageing population, increasing medical costs and a number of newly diagnosed cancer cases among the working population are increasing the financial burden on healthcare systems. The extent of financial toxicity in Slovenian patients has been insufficiently researched, as has its impact on quality of life (QoL).
Methods
To evaluate financial toxicity, the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy (COST-FACIT) questionnaire was translated into Slovenian, validated, introduced and compared with the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Core Quality of Life Questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-C30). Additional questions were incorporated into the questionnaire to further quantify and objectify financial toxicity.
The study was cross-sectional. The statistical analysis was based on descriptive and inferential statistics and exploratory data analysis.
Results
Out of 590 analysed participants, financial toxicity was absent in 57.2% but present at mild to moderate levels in 42.8%. Key risk factors included lower income, age ≤ 65, employment, active oncologic treatment, rural residence and religious affiliation. Post hoc analyses showed higher financial toxicity in those with ≤ 600 EUR monthly income, employed patients and spiritual individuals, while cancer type showed no significant differences. The correlation between financial toxicity and QoL was mild. Objective measures of financial toxicity include direct costs (e.g., transportation, supplements and medical devices) and indirect costs (e.g., loss of income) associated with disease and treatment, which burdened more than 40% of the studied population.
Conclusions
The COST-FACIT proved to be a helpful screening tool for identifying patients at risk, even in a public healthcare system such as the Slovenian system. On average, financial toxicity is low due to the publicly funded financial system covering the treatment and rehabilitation of malignant diseases. The age structure of cancer patients and secure pension income further contribute to this outcome.
期刊介绍：
Cancer Medicine is a peer-reviewed, open access, interdisciplinary journal providing rapid publication of research from global biomedical researchers across the cancer sciences. The journal will consider submissions from all oncologic specialties, including, but not limited to, the following areas:
Clinical Cancer Research
Translational research ∙ clinical trials ∙ chemotherapy ∙ radiation therapy ∙ surgical therapy ∙ clinical observations ∙ clinical guidelines ∙ genetic consultation ∙ ethical considerations
Cancer Biology:
Molecular biology ∙ cellular biology ∙ molecular genetics ∙ genomics ∙ immunology ∙ epigenetics ∙ metabolic studies ∙ proteomics ∙ cytopathology ∙ carcinogenesis ∙ drug discovery and delivery.
Cancer Prevention:
Behavioral science ∙ psychosocial studies ∙ screening ∙ nutrition ∙ epidemiology and prevention ∙ community outreach.
Bioinformatics:
Gene expressions profiles ∙ gene regulation networks ∙ genome bioinformatics ∙ pathwayanalysis ∙ prognostic biomarkers.
Cancer Medicine publishes original research articles, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and research methods papers, along with invited editorials and commentaries. Original research papers must report well-conducted research with conclusions supported by the data presented in the paper.
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