记忆T细胞:转基因T细胞受体原始模型的研究

IF 2.3 4区 生物学 Q3 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
Dmitry B. Kazansky, Anastasiia A. Kalinina, Ludmila M. Khromykh
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引用次数: 0

摘要

本文综述了俄罗斯联邦卫生部N. N. Blokhin国家肿瘤医学研究中心致癌研究所免疫调节机制实验室建立的原始小鼠模型的研究数据。记忆细胞中T细胞受体(TCRs)的α-链和β-链基因的转移已经产生了对研究T淋巴细胞稳态及其激活谱标记形成模式有价值的转基因动物系。对转基因模型的研究揭示了免疫选择和肿瘤进展的新特征。特别是,一些tcr的基本性质,称为“链中心性”,已被证实;它涉及在MHC(主要组织相容性复合体)/肽复合体的识别过程中TCR链中的一条占主导地位。这一特性使得人工产生大量具有免疫能力的T细胞成为可能,因此它可以用于肿瘤和感染性疾病的过继免疫治疗。显性活性TCR α-链的转移为构建对某些病原体具有先天特异性免疫抗性的生物体提供了可能。最近的研究结果表明,TCR决定T淋巴细胞与其MHC微环境的关系,对其功能和表型的形成具有指导作用。其中一个功能可能是胸腺内的可的松抗性记忆细胞产生亲环蛋白A。已有证据表明,无论TCR之前与抗原MHC/肽复合物的相互作用如何,具有一定结构和特异性的TCR的表达是T细胞中记忆细胞功能电位形成的充分条件。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Memory T Cells: Investigation of Original Models with Transgenic T Cell Receptors

This review summarizes the research data on original mouse models developed in the laboratory of regulatory mechanisms in immunity of the Research Institute of Carcinogenesis, N. N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. Transfer of the genes of individual α- and β-chains of T cell receptors (TCRs) of memory cells has resulted in production of transgenic animal lines valuable for studying T lymphocyte homeostasis and patterns of formation of their activation profile markers. Investigation of the transgenic models revealed new features of immune selection and tumor progression. In particular, the fundamental property of some TCRs, termed “chain-centricity”, has been confirmed; it involves dominance of one of the TCR chains during recognition of the MHC (major histocompatibility complex)/peptide complex. This property makes it possible to artificially generate a significant pool of immunocompetent T cells so it could be used in adoptive immunotherapy for oncological and infectious diseases. Transfer of the dominant active TCR α-chains provides the possibility for constructing organisms with innate specific immunological resistance to certain pathogens. The results of recent studies indicate that TCR, determining the T lymphocyte relationship with its MHC microenvironment, has an instructive role in formation of its functions and phenotype. One of these functions may be production of cyclophilin A by the cortisone-resistant memory cells localized in thymus. The evidence has been accumulated that expression of TCR with a certain structure and specificity is a sufficient condition for formation of the functional potential of memory cells in a T cell, regardless of its former interaction with antigenic MHC/peptide complexes.

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来源期刊
Biochemistry (Moscow)
Biochemistry (Moscow) 生物-生化与分子生物学
CiteScore
4.70
自引率
3.60%
发文量
139
审稿时长
2 months
期刊介绍: Biochemistry (Moscow) is the journal that includes research papers in all fields of biochemistry as well as biochemical aspects of molecular biology, bioorganic chemistry, microbiology, immunology, physiology, and biomedical sciences. Coverage also extends to new experimental methods in biochemistry, theoretical contributions of biochemical importance, reviews of contemporary biochemical topics, and mini-reviews (News in Biochemistry).
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