High-resolution velocity model building with fault control: Methods and applications

In seismic exploration, particularly within the domain of oil and gas reservoirs, the accurate imaging of complex fault blocks and the identification of structural traps are important. Geological risk factors, including the implementation of structural traps, reservoir delineation, and precise target drilling, require immediate attention in practical exploration. Addressing these factors involves two primary challenges: ensuring imaging accuracy and minimizing structural distortions. This study introduces a high-resolution velocity modelling technique with fault control, specifically developed to mitigate misties between seismic image and well-log data and improve the accuracy of seismic depth imaging and well depth correlation. The method offers a targeted solution to the challenges of implementing structural traps, delineating reservoirs and executing precise drilling operations. By incorporating fault control, it accounts for the structural complexity of subsurface media, enabling an accurate inversion of velocity variations across fault blocks. This approach ensures that velocity models, constrained by geological and structural models, exhibit a high degree of consistency. Utilizing fault-controlled travel time inversion, the method resolves mistier between seismic imaging and well-log data, guaranteeing the precision of velocity models and imaging. The methodology provides reliable seismic data for target evaluation, effectively reducing exploration risks and improving the accuracy of velocity modelling.