地震旋回中的正断层相互作用和断层网几何形状的影响

IF 3.9 2区 地球科学 Q1 GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS
Constanza Rodriguez Piceda, Zoë K. Mildon, Martijn van den Ende, Jean-Paul Ampuero, Billy J. Andrews
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引用次数: 0

摘要

正断层上的地震周期特征背后的机制,由于其长时间的重复,是具有挑战性的。正常的断层地震虽然震级适中,但却能造成相当大的破坏。我们研究了断层网的几何形状和间距对用速率-状态摩擦和弹性相互作用模拟的两个正断层的地震周期的影响。我们的分析考察了断层之间沿走向和跨走向距离的变化如何影响周期周期性、同步性、成核位置、震级频率分布和破裂特征。为了将网络几何效应从尺寸和摩擦效应中分离出来,我们用发震宽度(W)比上的特征成核长度(L∞)对断层进行建模,使孤立的断层产生特征震级(Mw)为5.1的周期旋回。地震的周期周期和震级随断层网的间距和几何形状而变化。断层在短的跨走向距离(≤0.2公里)变得不那么周期性。减小走向间距导致震源位置变化和局部破裂的出现,在间距≤0.2 km处产生的震级可低至Mw 4.4。周期周期和Mw不受沿走向间距的影响。断层地震旋回的长期同步状态受断层走向距离和断层走向距离的不同影响。距离较近的断层(≤10 km)表现出不同程度的同步,而沿走向排列的断层则随着沿走向距离的减小而趋向于同步。断层网几何形状对地震的影响最为突出,其中沿向距离对地震间期和破裂样式的影响大于沿向距离。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Normal Fault Interactions in Seismic Cycles and the Impact of Fault Network Geometry

Normal Fault Interactions in Seismic Cycles and the Impact of Fault Network Geometry

Understanding the mechanisms behind the characteristics of earthquake cycles on normal faults is challenging due to their long recurrence times. Despite their moderate magnitude, normal faulting earthquakes can produce considerable damage. We investigate the effects of fault network geometry and spacing on the seismic cycle of two normal faults modeled with rate-and-state friction and elastic interactions. Our analysis examines how variable along-strike and across-strike distances between faults influence cycle periodicity, synchronicity, nucleation location, magnitude-frequency distribution, and rupture characteristics. To isolate network-geometry effects from dimensional and frictional effects, we model faults with a seismogenic width (W) over characteristic nucleation length (L) ratio such that isolated faults produce periodic cycles with a characteristic magnitude (Mw) of 5.1. The cycle periodicity and Mw of earthquakes change depending on the spacing and geometry of the fault network. Faults become less periodic at short across-strike distances (≤0.2 km). Decreasing the across-strike spacing leads to variable hypocenter locations and the emergence of partial ruptures, producing magnitudes down to Mw 4.4 at spacings ≤0.2 km. Cycle periodicity and Mw remain unaffected by along-strike spacing. The long-term synchronization state of the faults' seismic cycle is influenced differently by across-strike and along-strike distances. Closely spaced faults (≤10 km) across-strike display variable degrees of synchronization, whereas faults arranged along-strike tend to evolve toward more synchronized states as along-strike separation decreases. Fault network geometry plays a prominent role, with across-strike distance having a larger effect on interevent time and rupture style variability than along-strike distance.

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来源期刊
Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth
Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth Earth and Planetary Sciences-Geophysics
CiteScore
7.50
自引率
15.40%
发文量
559
期刊介绍: The Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth serves as the premier publication for the breadth of solid Earth geophysics including (in alphabetical order): electromagnetic methods; exploration geophysics; geodesy and gravity; geodynamics, rheology, and plate kinematics; geomagnetism and paleomagnetism; hydrogeophysics; Instruments, techniques, and models; solid Earth interactions with the cryosphere, atmosphere, oceans, and climate; marine geology and geophysics; natural and anthropogenic hazards; near surface geophysics; petrology, geochemistry, and mineralogy; planet Earth physics and chemistry; rock mechanics and deformation; seismology; tectonophysics; and volcanology. JGR: Solid Earth has long distinguished itself as the venue for publication of Research Articles backed solidly by data and as well as presenting theoretical and numerical developments with broad applications. Research Articles published in JGR: Solid Earth have had long-term impacts in their fields. JGR: Solid Earth provides a venue for special issues and special themes based on conferences, workshops, and community initiatives. JGR: Solid Earth also publishes Commentaries on research and emerging trends in the field; these are commissioned by the editors, and suggestion are welcome.
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