Recent innovations in EMI shielding materials for stealth technology

Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) shielding is a critical component of stealth technology, enabling platforms to reduce their radar cross-section and maintain operational secrecy. As a cornerstone of passive countermeasures in military applications, Radar Absorbent Materials (RAMs) are materials specifically engineered for lowering radar signal reflection or absorption, thereby enhancing stealth capabilities. This study explores recent advancements in EMI shielding materials, design methodologies, and the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) to enhance the stealth results from modern military systems. Beginning with the fundamentals of EMI shielding and its diverse applications, the subsequent sections discuss methods for evaluating shielding system effectiveness. Innovative materials such as conductive polymers, graphene-based composites, carbon, MXenes, and metamaterials are examined through the lens of cutting-edge research and development. The review highlights the importance of EMI shielding in components like cables, connectors, and enclosures, while also addressing the role of machine learning techniques in advancing this field. Challenges associated with developing stealth-enhancing and multifunctional EMI shielding materials are analysed, emphasizing the need for further study to fulfil the increasing requirements of electronic systems of the future. and stealth technologies. This review aims to provide valuable insights and direction for advancing functional EMI shielding materials.