Application or function of cyclodextrin in insulin and cell delivery for efficient diabetic treatment

Diabetes mellitus (DM) poses a significant global health challenge, with escalating prevalence rates and associated complications necessitating urgent attention. Traditional insulin delivery methods, such as multiple daily subcutaneous injections, present challenges in terms of patient compliance and efficacy. Consequently, there is a growing interest in alternative insulin delivery systems. Cyclodextrins (CDs), owing to their unique molecular structure and adaptable properties, have emerged as promising excipients for insulin delivery. By forming inclusion complexes, CDs enhance the stability, solubility, and bioavailability of insulin formulations, thereby improving their efficacy in blood glucose regulation. Recent research has explored various routes of administration for cyclodextrin-complexed insulin formulations, including mucosal and oral delivery, offering novel strategies for enhanced glycemic control. Encapsulation of insulin within cyclodextrin-based carriers, such as mucoadhesive nanoparticles, represents a particularly innovative approach with the potential to revolutionize diabetes treatment. The utilization of cyclodextrins in insulin and cell delivery signifies a significant advance in pharmaceutical research, promising to optimize therapeutic outcomes and enhance the quality of life for individuals living with diabetes. As the global burden of diabetes continues to rise, the development of alternative insulin delivery systems becomes increasingly imperative, and cyclodextrins offer a promising avenue for addressing this pressing healthcare need.