Overview improving the efficiency of a wind turbine by using a nozzle and solar radiation

As the global transition toward renewable energy intensifies, wind energy stands out as a promising solution. Wind, an indirect form of solar energy, is continuously replenished by the sun's heating of the Earth's surface, making it a reliable resource. However, enhancing wind turbine performance, especially in low wind conditions, presents significant challenges. This review investigates innovative technologies—such as nozzle lenses, diffusers, and solar chimneys—that aim to improve turbine efficiency and energy output. To ensure a comprehensive perspective, this study adopts a dual approach: a systematic review of recent literature alongside bibliometric analysis using Scopus data and VOSviewer software, mapping publication trends, research gaps, and influential studies in the field. These technologies leverage aerodynamic and thermal principles to enhance energy capture. However, key research gaps remain: the optimization of nozzle lens and diffuser design parameters (shape, size, angle) under varying wind conditions is still underdeveloped. Solar chimneys offer promise for low-wind scenarios, but their integration with wind turbines and their economic feasibility remain underexplored. Moreover, artificial intelligence (AI), particularly machine learning, has potential to optimize system performance by forecasting wind patterns and improving control strategies. Despite its potential, the use of AI in wind turbine enhancement is still limited and demands deeper investigation. In conclusion, this review highlights the critical need for further research into the integration of aerodynamic enhancements and AI-driven control to boost wind turbine performance, reduce costs, and support renewable energy deployment—especially in low-wind regions.