巴基斯坦吉尔吉特-巴尔蒂斯坦数据稀缺地区积雪变率评价及其与水文气候特征的相互作用

IF 8.4 2区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
Zeeshan Zafar , Adeel Ahmad Nadeem , Yuanyuan Zha , Hammad Gilani , Aqil Tariq
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引用次数: 0

摘要

印度河上游流域(UIB)为巴基斯坦提供了很大一部分灌溉用水。雪和冰川融化对UIB的年流量有重要贡献。气候变化背景下积雪动态和水文响应的时空评估对改善水资源管理至关重要。利用中分辨率成像光谱仪(MODIS)的日积雪产品(MOD10A1)评估了2002 - 2022年UIB地区积雪面积(SCA)的变化;利用遥感卫星(ERA5-Land)近50年的气候数据,利用改进的Mann-Kendall趋势检验评估气候趋势,利用现有水文数据评估吉尔吉特-巴尔蒂斯坦的水文特征;根据资料的可得性,利用Pearson、Spearman和Kendall相关系数确定积雪与水文计量变量之间的相关性。结果表明,夏季和冬季的最大SCA在27% ~ 89%之间变化。吉尔吉特-巴尔蒂斯坦的SCA呈极轻微下降趋势,τ = - 0.0187。相反,吉尔吉特-巴尔蒂斯坦的流量呈增加趋势;夏季降水也呈增加趋势,吉尔吉特-巴尔蒂斯坦地区气温也呈上升趋势。因此,吉尔吉特-巴尔蒂斯坦的河流是夏季降雨与积雪和由于温度而融化的冰川的混合。SCA的减少和供应的增加表明水的可用性更大,这可能导致下游的洪水,并预示着未来的缺水。这两种情况都需要迅速关注以防止洪水,而实施先进的水资源管理战略和具有气候适应型的基础设施对于确保未来充足的水资源供应至关重要。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Snow cover variability assessment and its interplay with hydro-climatic characteristics in data scarce region of Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan
The upper Indus basin (UIB) provides a large portion of Pakistan's irrigation water supply. Snow and glacier melting contributes significantly to the annual flow of the UIB. A spatio-temporal assessment of snow cover dynamics and the hydrological response in the context of climate change is vital for better water resource management. This study utilized daily snow cover product (MOD10A1) from Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) to evaluate the changes in snow cover area (SCA) of UIB from 2002 to 2022; climatic data from remotely sensed satellites (ERA5-Land) for the last 50 years were utilized to assess the climatic trends using modified Mann–Kendall trend test and available hydrological data was utilized to evaluate the hydrological characteristics of Gilgit-Baltistan from UIB; and correlations between snow cover and hydro-metrological variables are identified using Pearson, Spearman, and Kendall correlation coefficients according to availability of data. According to results, the maximum SCA varies between 27 and 89 % from summer to winter. SCA of Gilgit-Baltistan is experiencing a very slight decreasing trend with τ = −0.0187. Conversely, the streamflow of Gilgit-Baltistan showed an increasing trend; summer precipitation also underwent an increasing trend, and the temperature of Gilgit-Baltistan also exhibited an increasing trend. Thus, the streamflow of Gilgit-Baltistan is an amalgamation of rainfall in summer with snow and glacier melt due to temperature. The decrease in SCA and increase in supply suggested greater water availability, which may cause a flood downstream and indicate water scarcity in the future. Both conditions require prompt attention to prevent flooding, and the implementation of advanced water management strategies and climate-resilient infrastructure is essential to ensuring adequate water availability in the future.
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来源期刊
Journal of Environmental Management
Journal of Environmental Management 环境科学-环境科学
CiteScore
13.70
自引率
5.70%
发文量
2477
审稿时长
84 days
期刊介绍: The Journal of Environmental Management is a journal for the publication of peer reviewed, original research for all aspects of management and the managed use of the environment, both natural and man-made.Critical review articles are also welcome; submission of these is strongly encouraged.
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