耳蜗T细胞及其在健康和疾病中的作用：系统综述

IF 9.2 1区医学 Q1 IMMUNOLOGY

Autoimmunity reviews Pub Date : 2025-04-10 DOI:10.1016/j.autrev.2025.103814

Evi De Backer , Dorien Verdoodt , Peter Ponsaerts , Emanuela Pasciuto , Vincent Van Rompaey

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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景T细胞在许多器官的健康和疾病中的作用已经得到了广泛的研究，但它们在耳蜗中的活性以及与听力损失的关系仍未得到充分探讨。本综述旨在总结有关耳蜗中 T 细胞的存在和活性以及 T 细胞活性与听力损失发生之间联系的现有文献。方法于2024年12月4日在PubMed和Web of Science上对文献进行了系统性综述，使用的检索词为：（"T细胞 "或 "T细胞 "或 "T淋巴细胞*"）和（"耳蜗*"或 "螺旋韧带 "或 "螺旋缘"）。研究人员比较了稳态条件和刺激环境下耳蜗 T 细胞的存在情况，结果表明刺激后耳蜗 T 细胞有所增加。此外，12 项研究还描述了 T 细胞在听力损失中的作用，既有因果关系，也有保护作用。最后，三项研究将蜗牛蛋白作为内耳特异性抗原，引发了自身免疫。T细胞的保护性和有害性功能都与听力有关，这反映了T细胞在耳蜗健康中的双重作用。未来治疗听力损失的方法应以恢复免疫平衡为目标，以支持正常的听力功能。

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Cochlear T cells and their role in health and disease: A systematic review

Background

The role of T cells in health and disease has already been studied extensively in many organs, yet their activity in the cochlea and involvement in hearing loss remains less explored. This review aims to summarize current existing literature on the presence and activity of T cells in the cochlea and the link between T-cell activity and the development of hearing loss.

Methods

A systematic review of the literature was performed on PubMed and Web of Science on the 4th of December 2024 using the following search term: (“T-cell” OR “T cells” OR “T-lymphocyte*”) AND (“cochlea*” OR “spiral ligament” OR “spiral limbus”).

Results

The literature search revealed 20 studies that explored the presence and activity of T cells in the cochlea, as well as associations between T cells and hearing loss. The presence of cochlear T cells was compared between steady-state conditions and stimulated environments, which suggested an increase in cochlear T cells post-stimulation. Additionally, the role of T cells in hearing loss, both causal as protective, are described in 12 studies. Finally, three studies introduce cochlin as an inner ear-specific antigen triggering autoimmunity.

Conclusion

This review highlights the critical role of the immune balance in maintaining cochlear homeostasis. Both protective and detrimental T-cell functions have been linked to hearing, reflecting the dual role of T cells in cochlear health. Future therapies for hearing loss should aim to restore the immune balance to support normal hearing functions.

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来源期刊

Autoimmunity reviews 医学-免疫学

CiteScore

24.70

自引率

4.40%

发文量

164

审稿时长

21 days

期刊介绍： Autoimmunity Reviews is a publication that features up-to-date, structured reviews on various topics in the field of autoimmunity. These reviews are written by renowned experts and include demonstrative illustrations and tables. Each article will have a clear "take-home" message for readers. The selection of articles is primarily done by the Editors-in-Chief, based on recommendations from the international Editorial Board. The topics covered in the articles span all areas of autoimmunology, aiming to bridge the gap between basic and clinical sciences. In terms of content, the contributions in basic sciences delve into the pathophysiology and mechanisms of autoimmune disorders, as well as genomics and proteomics. On the other hand, clinical contributions focus on diseases related to autoimmunity, novel therapies, and clinical associations. Autoimmunity Reviews is internationally recognized, and its articles are indexed and abstracted in prestigious databases such as PubMed/Medline, Science Citation Index Expanded, Biosciences Information Services, and Chemical Abstracts.