{"title":"极端老年和阿尔茨海默氏症患者认知特征的不同模式","authors":"Yoshinori Nishimoto, Takashi Sasaki, Yukiko Abe, Norikazu Hara, Akinori Miyashita, Mika Konishi, Yoko Eguchi, Daisuke Ito, Nobuyoshi Hirose, Masaru Mimura, Japanese Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative, Takeshi Ikeuchi, Hideyuki Okano, Yasumichi Arai","doi":"10.1002/alz.70155","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div>\n \n \n <section>\n \n <h3> INTRODUCTION</h3>\n \n <p>Clinical features of cognitive performance in extreme old age differ from those of pathological cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease (AD).</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> METHODS</h3>\n \n <p>We compared cognitive traits between 638 centenarians aged 100–115 years and 208 and 221 patients with AD from independent facilities.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> RESULTS</h3>\n \n <p>The presence of the apolipoprotein E (<i>APOE)</i> ε4 allele did not affect Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores in centenarians. Centenarians retained the ability to follow three consecutive commands, associated with their educational background and activities of daily living. Cognitive retention remained unchanged in semi-supercentenarians (aged ≥ 105 years) and supercentenarians (aged ≥110 years). A quantitative genome-wide association study (GWAS) identified two loci associated with maintaining the ability to follow three consecutive commands.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> DISCUSSION</h3>\n \n <p>This is the first study to compare cognitive traits between >600 centenarians and patients with AD. Centenarians attained higher MMSE scores for the phenotype of following three consecutive commands than patients with AD, being useful in clinical practice.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Highlights</h3>\n \n <div>\n <ul>\n \n <li>Cognitive phenotypes in centenarians differ from those in the AD groups</li>\n \n <li>Clinical trait to follow consecutive instructions is retained in centenarians but not in AD groups</li>\n \n <li>GWAS identified SNPs related to the maintained trait of MMSE in centenarians</li>\n </ul>\n </div>\n </section>\n </div>","PeriodicalId":7471,"journal":{"name":"Alzheimer's & Dementia","volume":"21 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.0000,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/alz.70155","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Distinct patterns of cognitive traits in extreme old age and Alzheimer's disease\",\"authors\":\"Yoshinori Nishimoto, Takashi Sasaki, Yukiko Abe, Norikazu Hara, Akinori Miyashita, Mika Konishi, Yoko Eguchi, Daisuke Ito, Nobuyoshi Hirose, Masaru Mimura, Japanese Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative, Takeshi Ikeuchi, Hideyuki Okano, Yasumichi Arai\",\"doi\":\"10.1002/alz.70155\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div>\\n \\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> INTRODUCTION</h3>\\n \\n <p>Clinical features of cognitive performance in extreme old age differ from those of pathological cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease (AD).</p>\\n </section>\\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> METHODS</h3>\\n \\n <p>We compared cognitive traits between 638 centenarians aged 100–115 years and 208 and 221 patients with AD from independent facilities.</p>\\n </section>\\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> RESULTS</h3>\\n \\n <p>The presence of the apolipoprotein E (<i>APOE)</i> ε4 allele did not affect Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores in centenarians. Centenarians retained the ability to follow three consecutive commands, associated with their educational background and activities of daily living. Cognitive retention remained unchanged in semi-supercentenarians (aged ≥ 105 years) and supercentenarians (aged ≥110 years). A quantitative genome-wide association study (GWAS) identified two loci associated with maintaining the ability to follow three consecutive commands.</p>\\n </section>\\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> DISCUSSION</h3>\\n \\n <p>This is the first study to compare cognitive traits between >600 centenarians and patients with AD. Centenarians attained higher MMSE scores for the phenotype of following three consecutive commands than patients with AD, being useful in clinical practice.</p>\\n </section>\\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Highlights</h3>\\n \\n <div>\\n <ul>\\n \\n <li>Cognitive phenotypes in centenarians differ from those in the AD groups</li>\\n \\n <li>Clinical trait to follow consecutive instructions is retained in centenarians but not in AD groups</li>\\n \\n <li>GWAS identified SNPs related to the maintained trait of MMSE in centenarians</li>\\n </ul>\\n </div>\\n </section>\\n </div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":7471,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Alzheimer's & Dementia\",\"volume\":\"21 4\",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":13.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-04-15\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/alz.70155\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Alzheimer's & Dementia\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/alz.70155\",\"RegionNum\":1,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"CLINICAL NEUROLOGY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Alzheimer's & Dementia","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/alz.70155","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"CLINICAL NEUROLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Distinct patterns of cognitive traits in extreme old age and Alzheimer's disease
INTRODUCTION
Clinical features of cognitive performance in extreme old age differ from those of pathological cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease (AD).
METHODS
We compared cognitive traits between 638 centenarians aged 100–115 years and 208 and 221 patients with AD from independent facilities.
RESULTS
The presence of the apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 allele did not affect Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores in centenarians. Centenarians retained the ability to follow three consecutive commands, associated with their educational background and activities of daily living. Cognitive retention remained unchanged in semi-supercentenarians (aged ≥ 105 years) and supercentenarians (aged ≥110 years). A quantitative genome-wide association study (GWAS) identified two loci associated with maintaining the ability to follow three consecutive commands.
DISCUSSION
This is the first study to compare cognitive traits between >600 centenarians and patients with AD. Centenarians attained higher MMSE scores for the phenotype of following three consecutive commands than patients with AD, being useful in clinical practice.
Highlights
Cognitive phenotypes in centenarians differ from those in the AD groups
Clinical trait to follow consecutive instructions is retained in centenarians but not in AD groups
GWAS identified SNPs related to the maintained trait of MMSE in centenarians
期刊介绍：
Alzheimer's & Dementia is a peer-reviewed journal that aims to bridge knowledge gaps in dementia research by covering the entire spectrum, from basic science to clinical trials to social and behavioral investigations. It provides a platform for rapid communication of new findings and ideas, optimal translation of research into practical applications, increasing knowledge across diverse disciplines for early detection, diagnosis, and intervention, and identifying promising new research directions. In July 2008, Alzheimer's & Dementia was accepted for indexing by MEDLINE, recognizing its scientific merit and contribution to Alzheimer's research.
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