在半湿润地区，以大豆代替夏玉米可提高小麦后续产量和氮素利用效率

IF 6.1 1区农林科学 Q1 SOIL SCIENCE

Soil & Tillage Research Pub Date : 2025-04-15 DOI:10.1016/j.still.2025.106594

Haiqiang Luo , Gaoxiang Liu , Tianxiang Qi , Nan Cui , Binglin Xie , Yingzhou Xiang , Enke Liu , Medelbek Meruyert , Ansabayeva Assiya , Zhikuan Jia , Kadambot H.M. Siddique , Peng Zhang

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引用次数: 0

摘要

豆科作物有利于提高作物产量和农业的可持续性。然而，豆科作物最佳氮肥处理对后续作物产量和氮素利用效率的影响尚不清楚。为此，通过为期2年的田间试验，探讨了3种种植制度（FW：休耕小麦、SW：大豆-小麦和MW：玉米-小麦）和3种施氮量（N0: 0 kg N ha-1、N1: 125 kg N ha-1和N2: 225 kg N ha-1）对半湿润地区冬小麦季土壤氮素积累、籽粒产量和氮素利用的影响。结果表明，西南干旱条件下，小麦的土壤氮积累、干物质积累（DMA）、光合速率和氮素利用效率最高，其中冬小麦的光合速率和氮素利用效率分别比西南干旱和西南干旱条件下的平均值高19.29 %和46.42 % （P <； 0.05）。此外，随着施氮量的增加，FW和MW条件下冬小麦土壤N积累量和GY均显著增加（P <； 0.05）。而在SW处理下，SWN1处理下冬小麦的GY与SWN2相比差异不显著（P >； 0.05），但土壤残氮（NO3——N和NH4+-N）降低了16.59 %，NUE提高了76.19 %。综上所述，在双季制下，SW配施氮肥可以通过增加土壤氮素的积累和供应，提高半湿润地区冬小麦后续产量和氮肥利用效率。

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Substituting soybean for summer maize with optimal nitrogen fertilization enhances subsequent wheat yield and nitrogen use efficiency in semi-humid regions

Leguminous crops are beneficial for enhancing crop yields and agricultural sustainability. However, the impacts of legume crops with optimal nitrogen (N) fertilization on the subsequent crop yield and N use efficiency (NUE) are unclear. Thus, a two-year field experiment was conducted to explore the effects of three cropping systems (FW: fallow–wheat, SW: soybean–wheat, and MW: maize–wheat) and three N fertilization rates (N0: 0 kg N ha^–1, N1: 125 kg N ha^–1, and N2: 225 kg N ha^–1) on the soil N accumulation, grain yield (GY), and N utilization during the winter wheat season in a semi-humid region. Our findings showed that the soil N accumulation, dry matter accumulation (DMA), GY, and NUE were highest for wheat under SW, where the GY and NUE for winter wheat were 19.29 % and 46.42 % higher than the average values under FW and MW, respectively (P < 0.05). In addition, the soil N accumulation and GY for winter wheat both increased significantly under FW and MW as the N fertilization rate increased (P < 0.05). However, with SW, there was no significant (P > 0.05) difference in the winter wheat GY under SWN1 compared with SWN2, but the residual soil N (NO₃^–-N and NH₄⁺-N) decreased by 16.59 % and NUE increased by 76.19 %. In conclusion, SW combined with reduced N fertilization in a double-cropping system can enhance the subsequent winter wheat yield and NUE in semi-humid regions by increasing the accumulation and supply of soil N.

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来源期刊

Soil & Tillage Research 农林科学-土壤科学

CiteScore

13.00

自引率

6.20%

发文量

266

审稿时长

5 months

期刊介绍： Soil & Tillage Research examines the physical, chemical and biological changes in the soil caused by tillage and field traffic. Manuscripts will be considered on aspects of soil science, physics, technology, mechanization and applied engineering for a sustainable balance among productivity, environmental quality and profitability. The following are examples of suitable topics within the scope of the journal of Soil and Tillage Research: The agricultural and biosystems engineering associated with tillage (including no-tillage, reduced-tillage and direct drilling), irrigation and drainage, crops and crop rotations, fertilization, rehabilitation of mine spoils and processes used to modify soils. Soil change effects on establishment and yield of crops, growth of plants and roots, structure and erosion of soil, cycling of carbon and nutrients, greenhouse gas emissions, leaching, runoff and other processes that affect environmental quality. Characterization or modeling of tillage and field traffic responses, soil, climate, or topographic effects, soil deformation processes, tillage tools, traction devices, energy requirements, economics, surface and subsurface water quality effects, tillage effects on weed, pest and disease control, and their interactions.