One-dimensional lead halide perovskite quantum ribbons with controllable edge terminations and ribbon widths

One-dimensional (1D) halide perovskite quantum ribbons, featuring 1D corner-sharing octahedral networks, are promising for optoelectronics and photonics due to quantum confinement in two dimensions. However, the rational design of 1D perovskites remains challenging, and existing materials with narrow ribbon widths predominantly form self-trapped excitons, which limit their potential applications. Here, we synthesize 30 1D perovskites with controllable ribbon widths and edge octahedra terminations by organic cation engineering. We observe the absence of self-trapped excitons as the ribbon width increases up to four octahedra, alongside the ability to modulate their optoelectronic properties by tailoring the edge terminations. The 1D free excitons result in in-plane anisotropic photoluminescence (PL) emission with polarization degree reaching 60%. Moreover, we observe robust exciton-photon coupling with Rabi splitting energies up to 800 meV, which is significantly larger than those of three-dimensional (3D) and two-dimensional (2D) perovskites, demonstrating a class of 1D quantum materials for advanced optoelectronics and photonics.