Anthony J. Cole, Smita S. Tulsankar, Joel Wynhorst, Ravi Fotedar
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引用次数: 0
摘要
在受温度影响较大的水产养殖物种中,确定最佳的饲料蛋白质能量比(P:E)对于节约蛋白质和提高生长速度至关重要,同时避免与高膳食脂或营养不良相关的不利生理问题。通过室内饲养试验,研究了3种不同P:E比的饲粮和2种不同温度(18°C、22°C)对马龙鱼生长、状态、存活和生理机能的影响(Cherax cainii Austin and Ryan, 2002)。饲喂低脂(6%)、中脂(10%)和高脂(14%)3种等氮饲粮,P:E比分别为19.1、17.4和16.2 g MJ−1,试验期120 d。饲喂试验结束时,在22℃条件下,所有饲粮处理马龙鱼的生长均有所增加。在18°C和LL条件下培养的马龙鱼总血细胞计数较低,温度和饲料对马龙鱼的脏体指标、状况和存活率没有影响。总肉产量在18°C时高于22°C时。HL在18°C时的生长较低,眼眶甲壳长度增加较小,饲料系数较高,但饲料脂肪含量对22°C时的生长没有影响。温度对马龙鱼的生长有重要影响,对喂食高脂饲料的马龙鱼有更大的影响,在高脂饲料的温度下,马龙鱼的体重增加差异更大。本研究得出结论,在本试验条件下,饲粮P:E比为17.4 ~ 19.1 g MJ - 1,脂质水平为6 ~ 10%,能量含量为15 ~ 16 MJ kg - 1是马龙鱼的最佳饲粮。
Interactive effects of temperature and dietary protein to energy ratios on the growth and physiology of marron (Cherax cainii, Austin & Ryan 2002)
Determining the optimum dietary protein to energy (P:E) ratios in aquaculture species is vital to allow for protein-sparing and faster growth rates, which are highly influenced by temperature, while avoiding the adverse physiological problems associated with high dietary lipids or poor nutrition. A laboratory feeding trial was conducted to investigate the effects of three diets of varied P:E ratios and two different temperatures (18 °C, 22 °C) on the growth, condition, survival and physiology of marron (Cherax cainii Austin and Ryan, 2002). The marron were fed three isonitrogenous diets: LL — Low lipid (6%), ML — moderate lipid (10%) and HL — high lipid (14%), with P:E ratios of 19.1, 17.4 and 16.2 g MJ−1 respectively for 120 days. At the end of the feeding trial, growth of marron increased at 22 °C in all dietary treatments. Marron cultured at 18 °C with LL had a lower Total Haemocyte Count, and there was no effect of temperature or diet on the organosomatic indices, condition or survival rate. Total meat yield was higher at 18 °C than at 22 °C overall. HL at 18 °C resulted in lower growth, lower orbital carapace length increase and a high feed conversion ratio, though there was no effect of dietary lipid content on growth at 22 °C. The temperature had an overarching effect on marron growth, and had a greater influence on marron fed a high lipid diet, where there was a greater difference in weight gain of marron between temperatures with the high lipid diet. The present study concludes that a diet with a P:E ratio of 17.4–19.1 g MJ−1, a lipid level of 6–10% and an energy content of 15–16 MJ kg−1 was optimal for marron under the tested experimental conditions.
期刊介绍:
Aquaculture International is an international journal publishing original research papers, short communications, technical notes and review papers on all aspects of aquaculture.
The Journal covers topics such as the biology, physiology, pathology and genetics of cultured fish, crustaceans, molluscs and plants, especially new species; water quality of supply systems, fluctuations in water quality within farms and the environmental impacts of aquacultural operations; nutrition, feeding and stocking practices, especially as they affect the health and growth rates of cultured species; sustainable production techniques; bioengineering studies on the design and management of offshore and land-based systems; the improvement of quality and marketing of farmed products; sociological and societal impacts of aquaculture, and more.
This is the official Journal of the European Aquaculture Society.