Multi-factor orthogonal optimization and engineering application of turbulent wind curtain intelligent control dust removal system in large cross-section anchor excavation underground space

To solve the problem of dust pollution in large cross-section anchor face, this study proposes a turbulent wind curtain intelligent dust control system based on the principle of “first blockage − later removal”, determines the optimal combination of ventilation parameters for the working face by combining numerical simulation, orthogonal test and engineering application, and evaluates the effects of three factors, namely, distance between the wind curtain generator and the header, shaft diameter wind volume ratio and dust removal wind volume, on the diffusion distance of highly concentrated dust and the average dust quality concentration in the breathing zone. The results show that the importance of the influence of the diffusion distance of high concentration dust is ranked as the distance between the wind curtain generator and the header > axial diameter ratio > dust removal wind volume, and the importance of the influence of the average dust mass concentration in the respiratory zone is ranked as the axial diameter ratio > dust removal wind volume > distance between the wind curtain generator and the header. When the wind screen generator is 20 m from the headland, the shaft diameter ratio is 1:9, and the dust removal airflow is 180 m³/min, the diffusion distance of the highly concentrated dust in the working face of the anchor digging is 5.2 m, and the average dust quality of the breathing belt is 133.69 mg/m³, and the management effect of the dust pollution in the working face has been significantly improved. The effectiveness of the optimized parameters was further verified through engineering application, and the average dust reduction rate of total dust and breathing dust was 92.4 % and 88.5 %.