数据中心工作负载的用水：关键决定因素的回顾和评估

IF 11.2 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Resources Conservation and Recycling Pub Date : 2025-04-13 DOI:10.1016/j.resconrec.2025.108310

Nuoa Lei , Jun Lu , Arman Shehabi , Eric Masanet

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引用次数: 0

摘要

随着数字化和人工智能的快速发展，全球数据中心用水的重要性日益增加。本研究分析了影响工作负载级别用水量的因素，以每个工作负载消耗的升为单位，以指导数据中心的节水策略。我们的研究结果显示，由于服务器每千瓦时耗水量相差1000多倍，服务器工作负载效率相差约10倍，工作负载水平的用水量差异超过10,000倍。关键决定因素包括服务器效率、电网用水因素、服务器利用率、冷却系统类型、基础设施效率、气候区、非活动服务器百分比和服务器刷新周期。值得注意的是，没有减少用水的单一方法；相反，最佳结果取决于这些因素的量身定制组合。本分析通过确定数据中心用水的决定因素并探索在不同站点特定约束条件下可实现的最小值来解决关键的知识差距。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

The water use of data center workloads: A review and assessment of key determinants

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The water use of data center workloads: A review and assessment of key determinants

The global importance of data center water use is increasing with the rapid growth of digitalization and artificial intelligence. This study analyzes the factors influencing workload-level water use, measured in liters consumed per workload, to guide water-saving strategies in data centers. Our findings reveal workload-level water use variations exceeding 10,000-fold, driven by over 1000-fold differences in water consumption per kilowatt hour of server electricity consumed and approximately 10-fold differences in server workload efficiency. Key determinants are ranked as server efficiency, electrical grid water consumption factors, server utilization, cooling system type, infrastructure efficiency, climate zone, inactive server percentage, and server refresh cycle. Notably, there is no single recipe for minimizing water use; instead, optimal outcomes depend on tailored combinations of these factors. This analysis addresses critical knowledge gaps by identifying the determinants of data center water use and exploring their achievable minima under diverse site-specific constraints.

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来源期刊

Resources Conservation and Recycling 环境科学-工程：环境

CiteScore

22.90

自引率

6.10%

发文量

625

审稿时长

23 days

期刊介绍： The journal Resources, Conservation & Recycling welcomes contributions from research, which consider sustainable management and conservation of resources. The journal prioritizes understanding the transformation processes crucial for transitioning toward more sustainable production and consumption systems. It highlights technological, economic, institutional, and policy aspects related to specific resource management practices such as conservation, recycling, and resource substitution, as well as broader strategies like improving resource productivity and restructuring production and consumption patterns. Contributions may address regional, national, or international scales and can range from individual resources or technologies to entire sectors or systems. Authors are encouraged to explore scientific and methodological issues alongside practical, environmental, and economic implications. However, manuscripts focusing solely on laboratory experiments without discussing their broader implications will not be considered for publication in the journal.