{"title":"混合锡铅和全钙钛矿串联太阳能电池中离子的协同固定化","authors":"Yuhui Liu, Tianshu Ma, Changlei Wang, Zhenhai Yang, Yue Zhao, Zhanghao Wu, Chen Chen, Yining Bao, Yuhang Zhai, Tianci Jia, Cong Chen, Dewei Zhao, Xiaofeng Li","doi":"10.1038/s41467-025-58810-6","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p>Low-bandgap (LBG) mixed tin-lead (Sn−Pb) perovskite solar cells (PSCs) suffer from inferior performance due to their high defect density. Conventionally, ethylenediammonium diiodide (EDADI) is used as a surface passivator to reduce defects and improve device photovoltaic performance, but it introduces severe hysteresis caused by excessive mobilized ions at the top interface. Here, we report a mobile ion suppressing strategy of using hydrazine monohydrochloride (HM) as a bulk passivator to anchor the free ions in LBG perovskites. The protonated hydrazine (N<sub>2</sub>H<sub>5</sub><sup>+</sup>) of HM formed hydrogen bonds with iodine (I<sup>–</sup>) ions, while the chloride (Cl<sup>–</sup>) ions occupied the I<sup>–</sup> vacancies, collectively impeding the migration of I<sup>–</sup> and thus mitigating the ion movement-induced hysteresis that arose from EDADI usage. The synergistic strategy of HM doping and EDADI post-treatment significantly suppresses the oxidation of Sn<sup>2+</sup>, decreases trap density, and inhibits rapid crystallization of perovskite. Consequently, we achieved a champion efficiency of 23.21% for LBG PSCs. Integrating these cells with wide-bandgap PSCs into all-perovskite tandem solar cells yields a high efficiency of 28.55% (certified 28.31%) with negligible hysteresis.</p>","PeriodicalId":19066,"journal":{"name":"Nature Communications","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.7000,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Synergistic immobilization of ions in mixed tin-lead and all-perovskite tandem solar cells\",\"authors\":\"Yuhui Liu, Tianshu Ma, Changlei Wang, Zhenhai Yang, Yue Zhao, Zhanghao Wu, Chen Chen, Yining Bao, Yuhang Zhai, Tianci Jia, Cong Chen, Dewei Zhao, Xiaofeng Li\",\"doi\":\"10.1038/s41467-025-58810-6\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p>Low-bandgap (LBG) mixed tin-lead (Sn−Pb) perovskite solar cells (PSCs) suffer from inferior performance due to their high defect density. Conventionally, ethylenediammonium diiodide (EDADI) is used as a surface passivator to reduce defects and improve device photovoltaic performance, but it introduces severe hysteresis caused by excessive mobilized ions at the top interface. Here, we report a mobile ion suppressing strategy of using hydrazine monohydrochloride (HM) as a bulk passivator to anchor the free ions in LBG perovskites. The protonated hydrazine (N<sub>2</sub>H<sub>5</sub><sup>+</sup>) of HM formed hydrogen bonds with iodine (I<sup>–</sup>) ions, while the chloride (Cl<sup>–</sup>) ions occupied the I<sup>–</sup> vacancies, collectively impeding the migration of I<sup>–</sup> and thus mitigating the ion movement-induced hysteresis that arose from EDADI usage. The synergistic strategy of HM doping and EDADI post-treatment significantly suppresses the oxidation of Sn<sup>2+</sup>, decreases trap density, and inhibits rapid crystallization of perovskite. Consequently, we achieved a champion efficiency of 23.21% for LBG PSCs. Integrating these cells with wide-bandgap PSCs into all-perovskite tandem solar cells yields a high efficiency of 28.55% (certified 28.31%) with negligible hysteresis.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":19066,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Nature Communications\",\"volume\":\"15 1\",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":15.7000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-04-11\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Nature Communications\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"103\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-58810-6\",\"RegionNum\":1,\"RegionCategory\":\"综合性期刊\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Nature Communications","FirstCategoryId":"103","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-58810-6","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
Synergistic immobilization of ions in mixed tin-lead and all-perovskite tandem solar cells
Low-bandgap (LBG) mixed tin-lead (Sn−Pb) perovskite solar cells (PSCs) suffer from inferior performance due to their high defect density. Conventionally, ethylenediammonium diiodide (EDADI) is used as a surface passivator to reduce defects and improve device photovoltaic performance, but it introduces severe hysteresis caused by excessive mobilized ions at the top interface. Here, we report a mobile ion suppressing strategy of using hydrazine monohydrochloride (HM) as a bulk passivator to anchor the free ions in LBG perovskites. The protonated hydrazine (N2H5+) of HM formed hydrogen bonds with iodine (I–) ions, while the chloride (Cl–) ions occupied the I– vacancies, collectively impeding the migration of I– and thus mitigating the ion movement-induced hysteresis that arose from EDADI usage. The synergistic strategy of HM doping and EDADI post-treatment significantly suppresses the oxidation of Sn2+, decreases trap density, and inhibits rapid crystallization of perovskite. Consequently, we achieved a champion efficiency of 23.21% for LBG PSCs. Integrating these cells with wide-bandgap PSCs into all-perovskite tandem solar cells yields a high efficiency of 28.55% (certified 28.31%) with negligible hysteresis.
期刊介绍：
Nature Communications, an open-access journal, publishes high-quality research spanning all areas of the natural sciences. Papers featured in the journal showcase significant advances relevant to specialists in each respective field. With a 2-year impact factor of 16.6 (2022) and a median time of 8 days from submission to the first editorial decision, Nature Communications is committed to rapid dissemination of research findings. As a multidisciplinary journal, it welcomes contributions from biological, health, physical, chemical, Earth, social, mathematical, applied, and engineering sciences, aiming to highlight important breakthroughs within each domain.
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