Enhancing color fastness and reducing environmental impact: an eco-friendly dyeing method for Ayous wood

Currently, wood dyeing technology plays an important role in its enhancing aesthetics and market competitiveness. However, still facing the dual challenges of insufficient color fastness of dyeing and environmental pollution caused by dye wastes generated during the dyeing process. Herein, an efficient and environmentally friendly dyeing method was proposed to improve color fastness utilizing chemisorption and electrostatic adsorption in low concentration dyeing solution. The chemical modification of Ayous wood using 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride was carried out by introducing the cationic groups to reduce the dyeing resistance and increase the binding force of dye molecules on the wood. Kinetic and thermodynamic analyses revealed that the adsorption behavior between cation-modified bleached wood (CBW) and acid dyes adheres to the quasi second-order kinetic model (R² = 0.98) and Freundlich isothermal model (R² = 0.91), suggesting an adsorption process in which chemical adsorption dominated. Therefore, there was a significant increase in color fastness. Compared to the traditional dyeing method, the quantity of dyes consumed in this method can be reduced by 40%, significantly diminishing the environmental load of dyeing waste liquid. This study offers an efficient and environmentally friendly modification strategy for wood dyeing, highlighting a potential of CBW for practical applications.