估算摩洛哥北部大气可降水量：地面GNSS方法

IF 2.7 Q2 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Scientific African Pub Date : 2025-04-03 DOI:10.1016/j.sciaf.2025.e02681

Reda Drissi El Bouzaidi , Hajar El Talibi , Said El Moussaoui , Taoufik Mourabit

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引用次数: 0

摘要

应用全球卫星导航系统（GNSS）技术测定大气水汽含量可提供有价值的气象资料。这种方法提供了高空间和时间分辨率，能够精确测量大气条件。通过利用GNSS卫星传输的电磁信号的物理特性，可以测量每个GNSS接收器的天顶总延迟（ZTD）。当穿越卫星和连续运行参考站（CORS）之间的大气层时，电磁信号会出现延迟。这种延迟可以利用综合制图功能转换成大气可降水量（PWV）。本研究旨在利用地面GNSS技术估算摩洛哥东北部（特别是丹吉尔-得土安-胡塞马地区）的大气可降水量。数据收集于2023年2月1日至3月4日一个月期间，覆盖17252 km²研究区域的9个不同GNSS站点。使用高精度GNSS软件GAMIT/GLOBK对数据进行处理。为了验证结果，将每个站点获得的PWV值与附近气象站同期的气象数据进行了比较，并与ERA5再分析数值天气模式进行了比较。验证过程显示了良好的结果，证明了合理的PWV空间分布。显著降水前对流层有显著的增加，降水后对流层有显著的减少。利用地理信息系统（Geographic Information System， GIS）软件进行建模和制图表示，展示了大气PWV随时间的空间分布。这项研究证明了地面GNSS技术不仅在精确定位和速度测定方面有效，而且在天气预报方面也有效。此外，它强调了全球导航卫星系统在缺乏无线电探空站的地区作为可靠气象信息来源的价值。

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Estimating atmospheric precipitable water vapor in northern Morocco: A ground-based GNSS approach

The application of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) techniques to ascertain atmospheric water vapor content can provide valuable meteorological data. This method offers both high spatial and temporal resolution, enabling precise measurement of atmospheric conditions. By leveraging the physical properties of the electromagnetic signals transmitted by GNSS satellites, which experience delays when traversing atmospheric layers between satellites and Continuously Operating Reference Stations (CORS), it becomes possible to measure the zenith total delay (ZTD) for each GNSS receiver. This delay can then be converted into atmospheric precipitable water vapor (PWV) using an integrated mapping function. This study aims to estimate atmospheric precipitable water vapor in the northeastern part of Morocco (specifically the Tangier–Tetouan–Al Hoceima region) utilizing ground-based GNSS techniques. Data were collected from nine different GNSS stations covering the study area of 17,252 km² over one month (February 1 to March 4, 2023). The data underwent processing using the high-accuracy GNSS software GAMIT/GLOBK. To validate the results, PWV values obtained from each station were compared with meteorological data collected from nearby meteorological stations during the same period, and compared to ERA5 reanalysis numerical weather model. The validation process revealed favorable results, evidenced by a reasonable spatial distribution of PWV. There were significant increases in the troposphere before significant rainfall, followed by a decrease after the rainfall. For representation, Geographic Information System (GIS) software, was employed for modeling and cartographic representation, illustrating the spatial distribution of atmospheric PWV over time. This study provides evidence of the effectiveness of ground-based GNSS techniques not only in precise positioning and velocity determination but also in weather forecasting. Furthermore, it underscores the value of GNSS as a reliable source of meteorological information in regions lacking radiosonde stations.

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