Mastitis granulomatosa: ¿quién, cuándo y cómo? Revisión de 14 casos

Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis (IGM) is a rare benign chronic inflammatory disease. Diagnosis is by exclusion with histopathological confirmation. Treatment, although not standardized, is medical, complemented with percutaneous drainage and/or surgical treatment. A retrospective observational study of 14 patients diagnosed with IGM at the Germans Trias i Pujol Hospital between 2015 and 2020 was carried out. The average age was 39 years. The most frequent clinical presentation was a solitary painful mass (7/14) in the left breast (8/14). Risk factors were observed in 12 patients (12/14). Treatment in 11 patients (11/14) was with prednisone (PDN). In the absence of clinical remission, methotrexate (MTX) was administered to 6 patients (6/14), and 2 received anti-TNF (2/14) after not responding to PDN or MTX. Antibiotics were administered to 8 patients (8/14), 6 patients required percutaneous drainage (6/14), and 1 patient required surgery. IGM is a rare disease that affects young women. A multidisciplinary and protocolized approach will allow for early diagnosis and treatment.