Advancements in image encryption: A comprehensive review of design principles and performance metrics

With the rise of digital image sharing in fields like healthcare, defence, and multimedia, strong image encryption is needed to protect sensitive information. This study provides a detailed overview of the analysis of image encryption algorithms, focusing on their design principles and performance metrics. This study covers different encryption methods, from traditional symmetric and asymmetric to modern chaos-based and quantum encryption. The design principles include substitution-permutation, diffusion, and key generation strategies. They are carefully evaluated to understand their actual input towards achieving high security. This study discusses key performance metrics such as encryption speed, sensitivity to key changes, statistical and differential attacks, computational complexity, and efficiency required to analyze the feasibility of various algorithms in practical applications. Explores issues such as the balance between security and resource limits, scalability, and adaptability to new threats. The analysis highlights the strengths and weaknesses of existing techniques, providing useful insights for developing next-generation encryption methods for specific applications. The combination of theoretical concepts along with performance evaluations presented in this work thus provides a significant and valuable reference source for research and practice aimed at designing effective yet secure image encryption algorithms in this rapidly growing world of technology.