汽车发动机排放物对肺细胞不良影响的化学计量学评估。

IF 3.6 3区 医学 Q3 NANOSCIENCE & NANOTECHNOLOGY
Miroslava Nedyalkova, Ruiwen He, Alke Petri-Fink, Barbara Rothen-Rutishauser, Marco Lattuada
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引用次数: 0

摘要

汽车发动机的废气中含有复杂的气体和颗粒污染物混合物,已知会对肺功能产生不利影响。许多体外研究表明,暴露在发动机废气中会诱发肺细胞的氧化应激,导致细胞炎症和细胞毒性。然而,通过传统的毒理学评估来确定关键的有害成分及其特定的不利影响仍然具有挑战性。机器学习(ML)方法提供了分析此类复杂数据集的新方法,并在以无偏见的方式预测毒性结果和识别混合物中导致不良影响的关键污染物方面获得了关注。本研究旨在利用ML技术了解废气成分对肺细胞毒性的贡献。研究人员重新分析了之前研究(2015-2018)的数据,在该研究中,将3D人体上皮气道组织模型暴露于不同燃料和废气后处理系统的气液界面(ALI)条件下的汽油和柴油发动机废气中。该数据集包括废气特征(颗粒数(PN)、一氧化碳(CO)、总气态碳氢化合物(THC)和氮氧化物(NOx)水平)和相应的生物反应(细胞毒性、氧化应激和炎症反应)。使用ML技术,包括分层和非分层聚类以及主成分分析,探索了污染物与生物反应之间的关系。研究结果表明,气体(CO、THC和NOx)和颗粒污染物都会导致肺细胞的氧化应激、炎症和细胞毒性,突出了每种气体成分的重要作用。此外,CO、THC、NOx和PN之外的未测量因素可能会导致生物效应,这表明在ML分析中需要更详细地表征排气参数。通过成功整合ML技术,本研究显示了ML在识别污染物对细胞毒性的特异性贡献方面的潜力。这些见解可以指导对复杂暴露情景的分析,并为排放控制的监管措施和技术发展提供信息。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Chemometrical assessment of adverse effects in lung cells induced by vehicle engine emissions.

Vehicle engine exhausts contain complex mixtures of gaseous and particulate pollutants, which are known to affect lung functions adversely. Many in vitro studies have shown that exposure to engine exhaust can induce oxidative stress in lung cells, leading to cellular inflammation and cytotoxicity. However, it remains challenging to identify key harmful components and their specific adverse effects via traditional toxicological assessments. Machine learning (ML) methods offer new ways of analyzing such complex datasets and have gained attention in predicting toxicity outcomes and identifying key pollutants in mixtures responsible for adverse effects in a non-biased way. This study aims to understand the contribution of exhaust components to lung cell toxicity using ML techniques. Data were reanalyzed from previous studies (2015-2018), where a 3D human epithelial airway tissue model was exposed to gasoline and diesel engine exhausts under air-liquid interface (ALI) conditions with different fuels and exhaust after-treatment systems. This dataset included exhaust characteristics (particle number (PN), carbon monoxide (CO), total gaseous hydrocarbons (THC), and nitrogen oxides (NOx) levels) and corresponding biological responses (cytotoxicity, oxidative stress, and inflammatory responses). The relationships between pollutants and biological responses were explored using ML techniques, including hierarchical and nonhierarchical clustering and principal component analysis. The findings reveal both gaseous (CO, THC, and NOx) and particulate pollutants contribute to oxidative stress, inflammation, and cytotoxicity in lung cells, highlighting the significant role of each gaseous component. In addition, unmeasured factors beyond CO, THC, NOx, and PN likely contribute to biological effects, indicating the need for a more detailed characterization of exhaust parameters in ML analysis. By successfully integrating ML techniques, this study shows the potential of ML in identifying pollutant-specific contributions to cell toxicity. These insights can guide the analysis of complex exposure scenarios and inform regulatory measures and technical developments in emission control.

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来源期刊
Nanotoxicology
Nanotoxicology 医学-毒理学
CiteScore
10.10
自引率
4.00%
发文量
45
审稿时长
3.5 months
期刊介绍: Nanotoxicology invites contributions addressing research relating to the potential for human and environmental exposure, hazard and risk associated with the use and development of nano-structured materials. In this context, the term nano-structured materials has a broad definition, including ‘materials with at least one dimension in the nanometer size range’. These nanomaterials range from nanoparticles and nanomedicines, to nano-surfaces of larger materials and composite materials. The range of nanomaterials in use and under development is extremely diverse, so this journal includes a range of materials generated for purposeful delivery into the body (food, medicines, diagnostics and prosthetics), to consumer products (e.g. paints, cosmetics, electronics and clothing), and particles designed for environmental applications (e.g. remediation). It is the nano-size range if these materials which unifies them and defines the scope of Nanotoxicology . While the term ‘toxicology’ indicates risk, the journal Nanotoxicology also aims to encompass studies that enhance safety during the production, use and disposal of nanomaterials. Well-controlled studies demonstrating a lack of exposure, hazard or risk associated with nanomaterials, or studies aiming to improve biocompatibility are welcomed and encouraged, as such studies will lead to an advancement of nanotechnology. Furthermore, many nanoparticles are developed with the intention to improve human health (e.g. antimicrobial agents), and again, such articles are encouraged. In order to promote quality, Nanotoxicology will prioritise publications that have demonstrated characterisation of the nanomaterials investigated.
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