Comparative 4E-Analysis of A KCS11 with and without Solar Energy for Fluegas Waste Heat Recovery in a Coal-Fired Power Plant

A comparative performance analysis of a Kalina Cycle System 11 (KCS11) without and with solar energy is done based on 4E-analysis (energy, exergy, environment, and economic) for generating additional electricity from fluegas waste energy of a 660 MWe Supercritical (SupC) coal-fired power plant. The result shows that the integration of solar assisted KCS11 with main steam power plant increases the net plant energy and exergy efficiencies by about 0.04 and 0.03% points, respectively due to additional electricity generation of 647.43 kW at 40 K of superheat. Condenser and evaporator are the maximum contributor of energy and exergy losses, respectively in the proposed systems. Energetic performance of solar assisted Kalina cycle is higher than the standalone KCS11 due to decrease in turbine exhaust pressure and additional poor exergetic performance of solar heater causes less exergy efficient of solar assisted KCS11 compared to standalone KCS11. Use of solar integrated KCS11 reduces the annual \({\text{C}}{{{\text{O}}}_{{\text{2}}}}\) emission by about 1089.58 t at full load which is nearly 1.25 times higher than the standalone KCS11. The Levelized Cost of Electricity (LCoE) for producing additional electricity by solar energy at 40 K of super-heat is about 0.13 $/kW h which is 8.5% lower value compared to the solar thermal power plant.