Precise deloading optimization strategy for wind farm based on the accurate estimation of maximum power

To alleviate the increasing pressure of frequency regulation on the power grid, wind farms must shift from the traditional maximum power point tracking mode to the deloading mode. Due to the wake effect, the change of the operating state during the wind turbine deloading will directly affect the output of the downstream wind turbine. However, existing deloading strategies still conservatively estimate the maximum power of the wind farm using traditional maximum power point, which ignores the potential power generation capacity caused by the wake effect, and uses it as the baseline power for deloading. This will result in the actual deloading ratio of the wind farm exceeding the grid demand, i.e., excessive deloading, which is adverse to the economic operation. Therefore, to achieve more precise deloading, this paper first combines the key parameters of wind turbine – the rotor speed and pitch angle, and constructs a wind power analysis sensitivity model considering the influence of the wake effect. On this basis, the operating point of each wind turbine that maximizes the wind farm output is analyzed, which is no longer the maximum power point due to the wake effect. Further, a maximum power estimation method for wind farm is proposed, and a precise deloading strategy is designed using this maximum power as the baseline. This strategy further improves the power generation efficiency of the wind farm while precisely meeting the deloading demand of the grid. Finally, the effectiveness and advancement of the proposed method are verified based on SimWindFarm simulation.