亚洲对儿童自主性的价值思考

IF 1.1 Q3 ETHICS
Daniel Fu-Chang Tsai, Yu-Chen Chou
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引用次数: 0

摘要

本文以亚洲价值观相关理论为基础,从跨文化生命伦理学的角度对“儿童自主性”进行伦理反思。作者支持“儿童”自治的前提,并探讨了西方和非西方文化在儿童自治主张方面的差异。本文通过比较美国、英国、日本和台湾对儿童医疗决策的法律规定,说明即使在相似的亚洲文化价值观的影响下,各国在儿童决策方面的法律差异。然而,在全球人权价值观和普遍的生物伦理原则的影响下,观念、立法和实践都朝着尊重个人权利和自主选择的方向发展。因此,蔡的二维人格理论可以平衡个人自主性与家庭决定论之间的紧张关系,以及儿童自主性与家长主义之间的紧张关系。这一理论框架可以为长期以来关于个体自主和家庭决定论的跨文化生物伦理争议提供理性的解决方案,并为亚洲价值观下的儿科伦理和儿童医疗决策提供见解和解决方案。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Some Asian Value Reflections on Children’s Autonomy

This paper provides an ethical reflection on “children’s autonomy” from the perspective of cross-cultural bioethics based on theories related to Asian values. The author supports the premise of “children’s” autonomy and explores the differences between Western and non-Western cultures regarding claims of children’s autonomy. By comparing the legal regulations on children’s medical decisions in the USA, the UK, Japan, and Taiwan, the paper illustrates the national legal differences in children’s decision-making, even under the influence of similar Asian cultural values. The author further explains, adopting Tsai’s “Confucian two-dimensional personhood theory” and Markus and Kitayama’s “Construal of Self” theory, that although Asian countries like Taiwan have historically been influenced by relational personhood dimension and interdependent self-construal orientation, individual autonomy and children’s medical decisions are significantly affected or limited by family or parental determinism. However, under the influence of global human rights values and universal bioethical principles, the conceptions, legislations, and practices have evolved towards respecting individual rights and autonomous choices. Hereby, Tsai’s two-dimensional personhood theory can balance the tension between individual autonomy and family determinism, as well as between children’s autonomy and paternalism. This theoretical framework can provide a rational resolution to the long-standing cross-cultural bioethical controversy regarding individual autonomy and family determinism, and offer insights and solutions for pediatric ethics and children’s medical decisions under Asian values.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
6.20
自引率
3.40%
发文量
32
期刊介绍: Asian Bioethics Review (ABR) is an international academic journal, based in Asia, providing a forum to express and exchange original ideas on all aspects of bioethics, especially those relevant to the region. Published quarterly, the journal seeks to promote collaborative research among scholars in Asia or with an interest in Asia, as well as multi-cultural and multi-disciplinary bioethical studies more generally. It will appeal to all working on bioethical issues in biomedicine, healthcare, caregiving and patient support, genetics, law and governance, health systems and policy, science studies and research. ABR provides analyses, perspectives and insights into new approaches in bioethics, recent changes in biomedical law and policy, developments in capacity building and professional training, and voices or essays from a student’s perspective. The journal includes articles, research studies, target articles, case evaluations and commentaries. It also publishes book reviews and correspondence to the editor. ABR welcomes original papers from all countries, particularly those that relate to Asia. ABR is the flagship publication of the Centre for Biomedical Ethics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore. The Centre for Biomedical Ethics is a collaborating centre on bioethics of the World Health Organization.
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