Diagnostic task shifting for NTDs: outcome of a preliminary quasi-experimental study for microfilaria detection using a novel diagnostic device in Nigeria.

Background: Lymphatic filariasis (LF) is a Neglected Tropical Disease (NTD) with high morbidity. Tools for detecting LF are either not readily available or used by Community Health Extension Workers (CHEWs) at Primary Health Centers. A newly developed diagnostic device, the AiDx Assist, is targeted for use by CHEWs.

Objective: The study aims to determine the efficiency (speed) and effectiveness (diagnostic capacity) of CHEWs compared to laboratory scientists for detecting LF with the new device, using the World Health Organization's Target Product Profile (TPP) for LF diagnostics as a guide.

Methods: This study utilized a Quasi-experimental design. 7 students undergoing the CHEW program (intervention group) were randomly selected while 2 laboratory scientists (control group) were purposively recruited and were trained to use the device. Thereafter, both groups were tested based on 64 sample slides provided.

Results: The intervention group's efficiency (speed) was similar to the control group. Computed Effectiveness (diagnostic capacity) parameters for the intervention group demonstrated a sensitivity of 85.7% and a specificity of 82.5%.

Conclusion: Given this preliminary result, task shifting to CHEWs for the diagnosis of LF is highly likely to be successful, thereby reducing the prevalence of LF in low-resource settings.