理解智能技术、人工智能、机器人和自动化带来的工作不安全感的出现和发展轨迹

IF 2.2 3区 工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, MANUFACTURING
Marvin Walczok, Tanja Bipp
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引用次数: 0

摘要

智能技术、人工智能、机器人和自动化(STARA)可以通过替代人类劳动来彻底改变劳动力市场。STARA意识的引入是为了捕捉员工对STARA对其就业影响的评估,而没有彻底的验证和总体的理论框架。因此,我们对STARA意识进行了内容验证,并对所建议的测量工具的内部结构、与认知和情感工作不安全感(JI)的区别、潜在前因及其1年趋势进行了研究。我们对来自不同分公司的德国员工进行了两项横断面研究(N1 = 215, N2 = 224)和一项纵向研究(N3 = 233)。我们对问卷进行了调整,并将其重新定义为基于内容批评的情感自动化相关工作不安全感(AAJI)。研究结果表明,AAJI与认知JI和情感JI呈弱正相关,但存在实证差异。我们确定了职业替代潜力,使用STARA作为积极预测因子,核心自我评价作为AAJI的消极预测因子。潜在增长曲线模型显示AAJI在1年内没有线性变化,但不同的轨迹作为STARA使用的函数。因此,AAJI代表了一种数字化特定形式的工作不安全感,具有独特的法则网和高度的时间稳定性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Understanding the Emergence and Trajectory of Job Insecurity Due to Smart Technology, Artificial Intelligence, Robotics, and Automation

Understanding the Emergence and Trajectory of Job Insecurity Due to Smart Technology, Artificial Intelligence, Robotics, and Automation

Smart technologies, artificial intelligence, robotics, and automation (STARA) can revolutionize the labor market by substituting human labor. STARA Awareness has been introduced to capture employees' appraisal of the impact of STARA on their employment without a thorough validation and overarching theoretical framework. Therefore, we contributed a content validation of STARA Awareness and examined the internal structure of the suggested measurement instrument, the differentiation from cognitive and affective job insecurity (JI), potential antecedents, and its 1-year trend. We conducted two cross-sectional (N1 = 215, N2 = 224) and one longitudinal study (N3 = 233) with German employees from various branches. We adapted the questionnaire and redefined the construct as affective automation-related job insecurity (AAJI) based on content criticism. Our results indicate that AAJI is weakly positively related to cognitive and affective JI but empirically different. We identified the substitution potential of occupation, the use of STARA as positive predictors, and core self-evaluations as a negative predictor of AAJI. Latent growth curve models reveal no linear change of AAJI over 1 year but different trajectories as a function of the use of STARA. Thus, AAJI represents a digitalization-specific form of job insecurity with its distinct nomological net and high temporal stability.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
5.20
自引率
8.30%
发文量
37
审稿时长
6.0 months
期刊介绍: The purpose of Human Factors and Ergonomics in Manufacturing & Service Industries is to facilitate discovery, integration, and application of scientific knowledge about human aspects of manufacturing, and to provide a forum for worldwide dissemination of such knowledge for its application and benefit to manufacturing industries. The journal covers a broad spectrum of ergonomics and human factors issues with a focus on the design, operation and management of contemporary manufacturing systems, both in the shop floor and office environments, in the quest for manufacturing agility, i.e. enhancement and integration of human skills with hardware performance for improved market competitiveness, management of change, product and process quality, and human-system reliability. The inter- and cross-disciplinary nature of the journal allows for a wide scope of issues relevant to manufacturing system design and engineering, human resource management, social, organizational, safety, and health issues. Examples of specific subject areas of interest include: implementation of advanced manufacturing technology, human aspects of computer-aided design and engineering, work design, compensation and appraisal, selection training and education, labor-management relations, agile manufacturing and virtual companies, human factors in total quality management, prevention of work-related musculoskeletal disorders, ergonomics of workplace, equipment and tool design, ergonomics programs, guides and standards for industry, automation safety and robot systems, human skills development and knowledge enhancing technologies, reliability, and safety and worker health issues.
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