New Agronomically Valuable Strains of the Genus Streptomyces and Their Biochemical Characteristics

Organic farming is a global trend that increases the demand for biological preparations for use in agricultural production. This paper characterizes new actinomycete isolates from soil samples taken in various agrocenoses of the Vyatka–Kama Urals. As a result of preliminary testing (about 350 strains), strains 8Al3, N27-25, and P15-2 were isolated on the basis of antifungal activity. The cultures were identified by 16S rRNA as bacteria of the genus Streptomyces. An active substance with antifungal effect—scopafungin—was identified using HPLC-MS/MS. Along with the inhibitory effect on phytopathogenic fungi, these strains produce auxins in the presence of 100 μg/mL of L-tryptophan (17.4–20.8 μg/mL), have cellulolytic activity, and have a stimulating effect on germination and accumulation of the dry biomass by wheat, clover, and mustard seedlings. In possessing a complex of properties beneficial for plants, Streptomyces strains 8Al3, N27-25, and P15-2 can be used as candidates for the creation of biological preparations with fungicidal and phytostimulating effects.