Dynamic emissivity control in MXene-based materials for next-generation thermal camouflage

Dynamic emissivity control is a transformative feature of MXene-based materials, enabling advanced thermal camouflage solutions for next-generation technologies. This review explores the latest advancements in the design and development of MXene composites, focusing on porous structures, phase-change material integration, and scalable thin-film fabrication techniques. These approaches enhance MXene’s ability to reduce infrared emissivity, improve thermal insulation, and adapt to dynamic environments. Applications in emerging fields such as 5G/6G communication devices, infrared stealth technology, and aerospace systems are highlighted, showcasing their broad potential. Addressing challenges like oxidation sensitivity, mechanical durability, and scalability, this review provides critical insights into the future directions of MXene-based thermal camouflage materials, bridging the gap between current research and real-world applications.