Urokinase-loaded Pt quantum dot self-assembled nanoparticles for inflammation elimination and fibrinolytic thrombus therapy†

Inflammatory mediators, such as reactive oxygen species (ROS), play a significant role in the processes of thrombus formation and resolution through oxidative stress. Disorders of the fibrinolytic system are also closely related to impaired thrombolysis. Therefore, exploring a novel therapeutic approach to promote fibrinolysis and alleviate local inflammation in thrombi is particularly desirable. Platinum nanoparticles (Pt NPs) exhibit promising anti-inflammatory properties, enabling them to effectively reduce oxidative stress. In this study, we synthesized urokinase-loaded platinum quantum dot self-assembled (PtSA@UK) NPs for thrombus treatment. The anti-inflammatory properties and thrombolytic efficacy of PtSA@UK NPs were validated through nanoparticle characterization, in vitro experiments, and a murine model of inferior vena cava thrombosis. Our findings demonstrate that PtSA@UK NPs exhibit significant therapeutic potential and excellent biocompatibility, highlighting their promise as a novel approach for the clinical management of thrombosis.