Mehdi Ghazizadeh, Mohammad Reza Deevband, Mohammad Reza Kardan, Meysam Tavakoli
{"title":"伊朗模拟和数字放射照相诊断参考水平测定的调查：系统文献综述。","authors":"Mehdi Ghazizadeh, Mohammad Reza Deevband, Mohammad Reza Kardan, Meysam Tavakoli","doi":"10.1093/rpd/ncaf030","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Although ionizing radiation plays a key role in both diagnosis and treatment, it brings potential risks, including incidence of cancer. Diagnostic Reference Level (DRL) is described as a tool to optimize the protection in the medical exposure for diagnostic procedures. The objective of this study is to propose a new method to calculate DRL by reviewing a series of articles which are published on the DRL in radiography.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The study analyzed 16 articles in the last ten years including published data on National and Local DRLs. The weighted mean method was used to propose unique quantities such as the entrance skin dose (ESD) or Entrance Surface Air Kerma (ESAK), and dose area product (DAP) as national DRL.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results showed that there were differences in dose values among diagnostic radiology centers for different examinations. The study provides valuable information to calculate national DRL.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The weighted mean of the ESD or ESAK and DAP values has been proposed as a new method for calculating national DRL values, which is considered the significant difference in statistical population and number of articles.</p>","PeriodicalId":20795,"journal":{"name":"Radiation protection dosimetry","volume":" ","pages":"432-440"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8000,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"A survey on the determination of diagnostic reference levels in analog and digital radiography in Iran: a systematic literature review.\",\"authors\":\"Mehdi Ghazizadeh, Mohammad Reza Deevband, Mohammad Reza Kardan, Meysam Tavakoli\",\"doi\":\"10.1093/rpd/ncaf030\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Although ionizing radiation plays a key role in both diagnosis and treatment, it brings potential risks, including incidence of cancer. Diagnostic Reference Level (DRL) is described as a tool to optimize the protection in the medical exposure for diagnostic procedures. The objective of this study is to propose a new method to calculate DRL by reviewing a series of articles which are published on the DRL in radiography.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The study analyzed 16 articles in the last ten years including published data on National and Local DRLs. The weighted mean method was used to propose unique quantities such as the entrance skin dose (ESD) or Entrance Surface Air Kerma (ESAK), and dose area product (DAP) as national DRL.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results showed that there were differences in dose values among diagnostic radiology centers for different examinations. The study provides valuable information to calculate national DRL.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The weighted mean of the ESD or ESAK and DAP values has been proposed as a new method for calculating national DRL values, which is considered the significant difference in statistical population and number of articles.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":20795,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Radiation protection dosimetry\",\"volume\":\" \",\"pages\":\"432-440\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.8000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-04-22\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Radiation protection dosimetry\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"93\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1093/rpd/ncaf030\",\"RegionNum\":4,\"RegionCategory\":\"环境科学与生态学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q4\",\"JCRName\":\"ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Radiation protection dosimetry","FirstCategoryId":"93","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1093/rpd/ncaf030","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
A survey on the determination of diagnostic reference levels in analog and digital radiography in Iran: a systematic literature review.
Introduction: Although ionizing radiation plays a key role in both diagnosis and treatment, it brings potential risks, including incidence of cancer. Diagnostic Reference Level (DRL) is described as a tool to optimize the protection in the medical exposure for diagnostic procedures. The objective of this study is to propose a new method to calculate DRL by reviewing a series of articles which are published on the DRL in radiography.
Materials and methods: The study analyzed 16 articles in the last ten years including published data on National and Local DRLs. The weighted mean method was used to propose unique quantities such as the entrance skin dose (ESD) or Entrance Surface Air Kerma (ESAK), and dose area product (DAP) as national DRL.
Results: The results showed that there were differences in dose values among diagnostic radiology centers for different examinations. The study provides valuable information to calculate national DRL.
Conclusion: The weighted mean of the ESD or ESAK and DAP values has been proposed as a new method for calculating national DRL values, which is considered the significant difference in statistical population and number of articles.
期刊介绍：
Radiation Protection Dosimetry covers all aspects of personal and environmental dosimetry and monitoring, for both ionising and non-ionising radiations. This includes biological aspects, physical concepts, biophysical dosimetry, external and internal personal dosimetry and monitoring, environmental and workplace monitoring, accident dosimetry, and dosimetry related to the protection of patients. Particular emphasis is placed on papers covering the fundamentals of dosimetry; units, radiation quantities and conversion factors. Papers covering archaeological dating are included only if the fundamental measurement method or technique, such as thermoluminescence, has direct application to personal dosimetry measurements. Papers covering the dosimetric aspects of radon or other naturally occurring radioactive materials and low level radiation are included. Animal experiments and ecological sample measurements are not included unless there is a significant relevant content reason.
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