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IF 2.7 3区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

BMC Psychology Pub Date : 2025-04-03 DOI:10.1186/s40359-025-02663-7

Seda Çiftçi, Tuba Yalçın, Elif Esra Ozturk

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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景：由于生理、心理和社会因素，女性在健康和生活质量（QoL）方面经历着独特的动态变化。这些动态变化要求对饮食质量（DQ）通过体重指数（BMI）对身心健康的间接影响进行全面研究。本研究旨在阐明膳食质量影响身心健康的间接途径，尤其关注体重指数的中介作用：这项横断面研究的对象是 19-64 岁的女性（n = 985）。研究收集了人体测量数据和 24 小时饮食回顾（24HDR）数据。QoL采用简表-36（SF-36）进行评估，SF-36主要包括两个子维度：(1) 心理健康，由心理成分汇总表（MCS）表示；(2) 身体健康，由身体成分汇总表（PCS）表示。基于营养素的膳食质量指数（NBDQ）和碳水化合物与纤维比率（CHO-FBR）由 24HDR 数据计算得出，用于评估膳食质量。采用了两个中介模型。模型 1 考察了 NBDQ 通过体重指数对身心健康的间接影响，并将年龄作为混杂因素。模型 2 评估了 CHO-FBR 通过体重指数对身心健康的间接影响，同时将年龄作为混杂因素：参与者的平均年龄为 31.68±11.95 岁。不同 DQ 四分位数的受教育程度无明显差异（p = 0.228）。年轻女性（19-24 岁）的 DQ 四分位数较低，而年长女性（45-64 岁）的 DQ 分数较高（p = 0.001）。有配偶的女性 DQ 更高（p = 0.007）。MCS 分数随着 NBDQ 的提高而提高（p = 0.033），尽管 PCS 分数没有显著差异（p = 0.607）。中介分析显示，NBDQ 与 MCS 显著相关（β = 0.169，p = 0.004），但与 BMI 无关（β = 0.004，p = 0.568）。此外，NBDQ 与 PCS 的关系不显著（β = -0.022，p = 0.505）：结论：改善 DQ 可以提高精神幸福感（MCS），尤其是老年妇女和有配偶的妇女，而对身体幸福感（PCS）则没有影响。由于体重指数（BMI）对这些影响没有中介作用，CHO-FBR 也没有显示出明显的关联，因此营养策略应优先考虑 DQ 以及年龄和社会动态，以有效提高妇女的 QoL。

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Body mass index having a mediating role between diet quality & mental and physical health among women.

Background: Women experience unique dynamics in health and Quality of Life (QoL) due to biological, psychological, and social factors. These dynamics necessitate a comprehensive examination of the indirect effects of Diet Quality (DQ) on Mental and Physical well-being through Body Mass Index (BMI). This study aims to elucidate the indirect pathways through which DQ influences mental and physical well-being, with a particular focus on the mediating role of BMI.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted with women (n = 985) aged 19-64 years. Anthropometric measurements and 24-Hour Dietary Recall (24HDR) data were collected. QoL was assessed using the Short Form-36 (SF-36), which comprises two primary subdimensions: (1) Mental Well-being, represented by the Mental Component Summary (MCS), and (2) Physical Well-being, represented by the Physical Component Summary (PCS). The Nutrient-Based Diet Quality Index (NBDQ) and Carbohydrate-to-Fibre Ratio (CHO-FBR) were calculated from 24HDR data to evaluate DQ. Two mediation models were employed. Model 1 examined the indirect effects of NBDQ on Mental and Physical well-being through BMI, with age as a confounder. Model 2 assessed the indirect effects of CHO-FBR on Mental and Physical well-being through BMI, also considering age as a confounder.

Results: The mean age of participants was 31.68 ± 11.95 years. No significant differences were found in educational attainment across DQ quartiles (p = 0.228). Younger women (19-24 years) were more prevalent in lower DQ quartiles, while older women (45-64 years) showed higher DQ scores (p = 0.001). Women with spouses had higher DQ (p = 0.007). MCS score improved with a better NBDQ (p = 0.033), although PCS score did not show significant difference ( p = 0.607). Mediation analysis revealed that NBDQ was significantly associated with MCS (β = 0.169, p = 0.004) but not with BMI (β = 0.004, p = 0.568). Aditionally, NBDQ showed a non-significant relationship with PCS (β = -0.022, p = 0.505).

Conclusion: Improving DQ can enhance mental well-being (MCS), particularly among older women and those with spouses, while no impact was found on physical well-being (PCS). Since BMI did not mediate these effects and CHO-FBR showed no significant associations, nutritional strategies should prioritize DQ alongside age and social dynamics to effectively enhance women's QoL.

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来源期刊

BMC Psychology Psychology-Psychology (all)

CiteScore

3.90

自引率

2.80%

发文量

265

审稿时长

24 weeks

期刊介绍： BMC Psychology is an open access, peer-reviewed journal that considers manuscripts on all aspects of psychology, human behavior and the mind, including developmental, clinical, cognitive, experimental, health and social psychology, as well as personality and individual differences. The journal welcomes quantitative and qualitative research methods, including animal studies.