了解麻疹死灰复燃:非洲最近疫情的主要驱动因素和教训。

IF 3.6 Q1 TROPICAL MEDICINE
Adewunmi Akingbola, Christopher Abiodun Adegbesan, Olajumoke Adewole, Courage Idahor, Tolani Odukoya, Emmanuel Nwaeze, Shekoni Mayowa, Owolabi Abdullahi, Petra Kerubo Mariaria
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引用次数: 0

摘要

麻疹已重新成为一项重大的公共卫生威胁,特别是在非洲。本研究探讨了最近疫情死灰复燃背后的主要驱动因素,重点是流行病学趋势、传播动态以及从最近疫情中吸取的教训。这项研究包括对最近的麻疹疫情进行全面审查,分析社会经济条件、环境影响和遗传进化等因素。研究结果表明,天花死灰复燃与停止接种天花疫苗、人类与野生动物相互作用增加以及流行地区快速城市化有关。该病毒以前局限于农村地区,现在由于人口高度流动和社会经济不稳定,已蔓延到城市人口,并跨越国界。已观察到传播动态的显著变化,人与人之间的传播增加,特别是在男男性行为者之间的传播,导致更严重和更广泛的疫情。该研究强调迫切需要加强非洲的卫生系统,特别是在诊断、监测和公共卫生准备领域。实验室基础设施不足和反应机制滞后等挑战暴露了当前公共卫生框架的脆弱性。为了预防未来的疫情,必须实施有针对性的战略,包括加强社区参与,改善获得疫苗和治疗的机会,以及及时、准确地报告病例。协调一致的全球行动对于防止痘成为一种更加持久和广泛的公共卫生威胁至关重要。本研究讨论了主动措施和国际合作在解决麻疹持续威胁方面的重要性,特别是在医疗资源有限的地区。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Understanding the resurgence of mpox: key drivers and lessons from recent outbreaks in Africa.

Mpox has re-emerged as a significant public health threat, particularly in Africa. This study explores the key drivers behind the recent resurgence, focusing on epidemiological trends, transmission dynamics, and lessons learned from recent outbreaks. The research involved a comprehensive review of recent mpox outbreaks, analyzing factors, such as socio-economic conditions, environmental influences, and genetic evolution. Findings indicate that the resurgence is linked to the cessation of smallpox vaccination, increased human-wildlife interactions, and rapid urbanization in endemic regions. The virus, which was previously confined to rural areas, has now spread to urban populations, and crossed national borders, driven by high population mobility and socio-economic instability. A notable shift in transmission dynamics has been observed, with increased human-to-human transmission, particularly among men who have sex with men (MSM), contributing to more severe and widespread outbreaks. The study highlights the urgent need to strengthen health systems in Africa, particularly in the areas of diagnostics, surveillance, and public health preparedness. Challenges such as inadequate laboratory infrastructure and delayed response mechanisms have exposed vulnerabilities in current public health frameworks. To prevent future outbreaks, targeted strategies must be implemented, including enhanced community engagement, improved access to vaccines and treatments, and timely, accurate reporting of cases. Coordinated global action is essential to prevent mpox from becoming a more persistent and widespread public health threat. This research discusses the importance of proactive measures and international cooperation in addressing the ongoing threat posed by mpox, particularly in regions with limited healthcare resources.

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来源期刊
Tropical Medicine and Health
Tropical Medicine and Health TROPICAL MEDICINE-
CiteScore
7.00
自引率
2.20%
发文量
90
审稿时长
11 weeks
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