Kathleen A Cooney, Sheilah A Robertson, Lori R Kogan
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Canines: mean time (± SD) to death (cardiac standstill) from ITh administration was 313.0 ± 74.4 seconds (L) and 261.4 ± 28.9 seconds (M); mean time to death from IV or IC administration was 203.8 ± 77.6 seconds (L) and 212.5 ± 37.8 seconds (M). Felines: mean time to death from ITh administration was 245.8 ± 65.0 seconds (L) and 311.0 ± 100.4 seconds (M); mean time to death after IV or IC administration was 98.9 ± 58.8 seconds (L) and 123.2 ± 86.6 seconds (M).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>L and M cause death in anesthetized canine and feline patients when administered at lethal doses (4 mg/kg ITh and 28 mg/kg, IV or IC). The ITh route took longer to achieve death in both species but had reduced active signs of death.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>L and M may be used as alternative euthanasia agents when pentobarbital sodium is unavailable or undesired.</p>","PeriodicalId":7754,"journal":{"name":"American journal of veterinary research","volume":" ","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3000,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Euthanasia of canines and felines under anesthesia can be achieved with lidocaine or mepivacaine via intrathecal, intravenous, or intracardiac routes.\",\"authors\":\"Kathleen A Cooney, Sheilah A Robertson, Lori R Kogan\",\"doi\":\"10.2460/ajvr.25.01.0013\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine the effectiveness of lidocaine (L) and mepivacaine (M) as euthanasia agents in canine and feline patients via intrathecal (ITh), intravenous (IV), and intracardiac (IC) routes following induction of general anesthesia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Canine and feline patients were euthanized from April 2024 through September 2024 at an animal shelter. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
目的:探讨利多卡因(L)和甲哌卡因(M)在犬、猫全身麻醉诱导后经鞘内(ITh)、静脉(IV)和心内(IC)安乐死的有效性。方法:于2024年4月至2024年9月在动物收容所对犬和猫患者实施安乐死。随机选择患者作为实验研究的一部分,将L或M注入脊髓蛛网膜下腔(ITh)或IV或IC注射。记录了死亡时间和主动死亡迹象。结果:共对54只犬、66只猫实施安乐死。犬:从给药到死亡(心脏停止跳动)的平均时间(±SD)分别为313.0±74.4秒(L)和261.4±28.9秒(M);分别为203.8±77.6 s (L)和212.5±37.8 s (M)。猫:分别为245.8±65.0 s (L)和311.0±100.4 s (M);IV或IC给药后的平均死亡时间分别为98.9±58.8 s (L)和123.2±86.6 s (M)。结论:当给药致死剂量(IV或IC分别为4mg /kg和28mg /kg)时,L和M可导致麻醉犬和猫死亡。在这两个物种中,第i条途径的死亡时间更长,但主动死亡的迹象减少了。临床相关性:当戊巴比妥钠不可用或不需要时,L和M可作为替代安乐死剂。
Euthanasia of canines and felines under anesthesia can be achieved with lidocaine or mepivacaine via intrathecal, intravenous, or intracardiac routes.
Objective: To determine the effectiveness of lidocaine (L) and mepivacaine (M) as euthanasia agents in canine and feline patients via intrathecal (ITh), intravenous (IV), and intracardiac (IC) routes following induction of general anesthesia.
Methods: Canine and feline patients were euthanized from April 2024 through September 2024 at an animal shelter. Patients were randomly selected as part of an experimental study to receive L or M into the spinal subarachnoid space (ITh) or by IV or IC injection. Time to death and active signs of dying were recorded.
Results: A total of 54 canines and 66 felines were euthanized. Canines: mean time (± SD) to death (cardiac standstill) from ITh administration was 313.0 ± 74.4 seconds (L) and 261.4 ± 28.9 seconds (M); mean time to death from IV or IC administration was 203.8 ± 77.6 seconds (L) and 212.5 ± 37.8 seconds (M). Felines: mean time to death from ITh administration was 245.8 ± 65.0 seconds (L) and 311.0 ± 100.4 seconds (M); mean time to death after IV or IC administration was 98.9 ± 58.8 seconds (L) and 123.2 ± 86.6 seconds (M).
Conclusions: L and M cause death in anesthetized canine and feline patients when administered at lethal doses (4 mg/kg ITh and 28 mg/kg, IV or IC). The ITh route took longer to achieve death in both species but had reduced active signs of death.
Clinical relevance: L and M may be used as alternative euthanasia agents when pentobarbital sodium is unavailable or undesired.
期刊介绍:
The American Journal of Veterinary Research supports the collaborative exchange of information between researchers and clinicians by publishing novel research findings that bridge the gulf between basic research and clinical practice or that help to translate laboratory research and preclinical studies to the development of clinical trials and clinical practice. The journal welcomes submission of high-quality original studies and review articles in a wide range of scientific fields, including anatomy, anesthesiology, animal welfare, behavior, epidemiology, genetics, heredity, infectious disease, molecular biology, oncology, pharmacology, pathogenic mechanisms, physiology, surgery, theriogenology, toxicology, and vaccinology. Species of interest include production animals, companion animals, equids, exotic animals, birds, reptiles, and wild and marine animals. Reports of laboratory animal studies and studies involving the use of animals as experimental models of human diseases are considered only when the study results are of demonstrable benefit to the species used in the research or to another species of veterinary interest. Other fields of interest or animals species are not necessarily excluded from consideration, but such reports must focus on novel research findings. Submitted papers must make an original and substantial contribution to the veterinary medicine knowledge base; preliminary studies are not appropriate.