{"title":"用于低品位热回收的压缩机辅助热变压器","authors":"Tommaso Toppi, Gianluca Abrami, Marcello Aprile","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2025.03.045","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The recovery of low-temperature waste heat can be promoted by upgrading its temperature. Heat transformers can increase the temperature of a heat stream while using little electrical energy, at the price of rejecting part of the heat input to a lower temperature sink. However, the lifting capability of heat transformers are limited by the operating conditions and often insufficient to meet the temperature requirements of many applications. An option to overcome this limitation is to use a compressor-assisted heat transformer (CHT), which benefits from the mechanical work of a compressor to expand the lifting capability. This work analyzes two alternative variation of CHT, characterized by a different positioning of the compressor in the thermodynamic cycle: CHTa, with the compressor at low pressure and CHTb with the compressor at high pressure. The CHTb variation showed higher electrical efficiencies (in the range 5–15 vs 1.5–10) and lower maximum compressor temperature (180 vs. 230 °C) than the CHTa, when recovering heat at 60 °C to deliver upgraded heat up to 120 °C. The use of the CHTb is therefore further investigated in four practical applications, assuming heat recovery from data centers, combined heat and power plants, district heating networks and industrial steam as a high temperature sink. In all the applications the CHTb has a higher electrical COP than the one of a reference heat pump, with values ranging from 4.5 to >25.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14274,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid","volume":"175 ","pages":"Pages 118-127"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5000,"publicationDate":"2025-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Compressor-assisted heat transformer for low-grade heat recovery\",\"authors\":\"Tommaso Toppi, Gianluca Abrami, Marcello Aprile\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2025.03.045\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><div>The recovery of low-temperature waste heat can be promoted by upgrading its temperature. Heat transformers can increase the temperature of a heat stream while using little electrical energy, at the price of rejecting part of the heat input to a lower temperature sink. However, the lifting capability of heat transformers are limited by the operating conditions and often insufficient to meet the temperature requirements of many applications. An option to overcome this limitation is to use a compressor-assisted heat transformer (CHT), which benefits from the mechanical work of a compressor to expand the lifting capability. This work analyzes two alternative variation of CHT, characterized by a different positioning of the compressor in the thermodynamic cycle: CHTa, with the compressor at low pressure and CHTb with the compressor at high pressure. The CHTb variation showed higher electrical efficiencies (in the range 5–15 vs 1.5–10) and lower maximum compressor temperature (180 vs. 230 °C) than the CHTa, when recovering heat at 60 °C to deliver upgraded heat up to 120 °C. The use of the CHTb is therefore further investigated in four practical applications, assuming heat recovery from data centers, combined heat and power plants, district heating networks and industrial steam as a high temperature sink. In all the applications the CHTb has a higher electrical COP than the one of a reference heat pump, with values ranging from 4.5 to >25.</div></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":14274,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid\",\"volume\":\"175 \",\"pages\":\"Pages 118-127\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":3.5000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-03-29\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"5\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700725001379\",\"RegionNum\":2,\"RegionCategory\":\"工程技术\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid","FirstCategoryId":"5","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700725001379","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
摘要
通过提高低温余热的温度,可以促进低温余热的回收。热变压器可以提高热流的温度,同时使用很少的电能,其代价是将部分热量输入到较低的温度槽。然而,热变压器的提升能力受限于工作条件,往往不能满足许多应用的温度要求。克服这一限制的一个选择是使用压缩机辅助热变压器(CHT),它受益于压缩机的机械工作,以扩大提升能力。本文分析了两种可选的CHT变化,其特征是压缩机在热力学循环中的不同位置:CHTa,压缩机处于低压状态,CHTb,压缩机处于高压状态。与CHTa相比,CHTb具有更高的电效率(在5-15 vs 1.5-10范围内)和更低的压缩机最高温度(180 vs 230°C),当回收60°C的热量以提供升级到120°C的热量时。因此,在四种实际应用中进一步研究了CHTb的使用,假设从数据中心、热电联产电厂、区域供热网络和作为高温汇的工业蒸汽中回收热量。在所有应用中,CHTb具有比参考热泵更高的电COP,其值范围从4.5到25。
Compressor-assisted heat transformer for low-grade heat recovery
The recovery of low-temperature waste heat can be promoted by upgrading its temperature. Heat transformers can increase the temperature of a heat stream while using little electrical energy, at the price of rejecting part of the heat input to a lower temperature sink. However, the lifting capability of heat transformers are limited by the operating conditions and often insufficient to meet the temperature requirements of many applications. An option to overcome this limitation is to use a compressor-assisted heat transformer (CHT), which benefits from the mechanical work of a compressor to expand the lifting capability. This work analyzes two alternative variation of CHT, characterized by a different positioning of the compressor in the thermodynamic cycle: CHTa, with the compressor at low pressure and CHTb with the compressor at high pressure. The CHTb variation showed higher electrical efficiencies (in the range 5–15 vs 1.5–10) and lower maximum compressor temperature (180 vs. 230 °C) than the CHTa, when recovering heat at 60 °C to deliver upgraded heat up to 120 °C. The use of the CHTb is therefore further investigated in four practical applications, assuming heat recovery from data centers, combined heat and power plants, district heating networks and industrial steam as a high temperature sink. In all the applications the CHTb has a higher electrical COP than the one of a reference heat pump, with values ranging from 4.5 to >25.
期刊介绍:
The International Journal of Refrigeration is published for the International Institute of Refrigeration (IIR) by Elsevier. It is essential reading for all those wishing to keep abreast of research and industrial news in refrigeration, air conditioning and associated fields. This is particularly important in these times of rapid introduction of alternative refrigerants and the emergence of new technology. The journal has published special issues on alternative refrigerants and novel topics in the field of boiling, condensation, heat pumps, food refrigeration, carbon dioxide, ammonia, hydrocarbons, magnetic refrigeration at room temperature, sorptive cooling, phase change materials and slurries, ejector technology, compressors, and solar cooling.
As well as original research papers the International Journal of Refrigeration also includes review articles, papers presented at IIR conferences, short reports and letters describing preliminary results and experimental details, and letters to the Editor on recent areas of discussion and controversy. Other features include forthcoming events, conference reports and book reviews.
Papers are published in either English or French with the IIR news section in both languages.