{"title":"超秒跟踪和活细胞核型揭示有丝分裂染色体动力学原理","authors":"Rumen Stamatov, Sonya Uzunova, Yoana Kicheva, Maria Karaboeva, Tavian Blagoev, Stoyno Stoynov","doi":"10.1038/s41556-025-01637-6","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p>Mitotic chromosome dynamics are essential for the three-dimensional organization of the genome during the cell cycle, but the spatiotemporal characteristics of this process remain unclear due to methodological challenges. While Hi-C methods capture interchromosomal contacts, they lack single-cell temporal dynamics, whereas microscopy struggles with bleaching and phototoxicity. Here, to overcome these limitations, we introduce Facilitated Segmentation and Tracking of Chromosomes in Mitosis Pipeline (FAST CHIMP), pairing time-lapse super-resolution microscopy with deep learning. FAST CHIMP tracked all human chromosomes with 8-s resolution from prophase to telophase, identified 15 out of 23 homologue pairs in single cells and compared chromosomal positioning between mother and daughter cells. It revealed a centrosome-motion-dependent flow that governs the mapping between chromosome locations at prophase and their metaphase plate position. In addition, FAST CHIMP measured supra-second dynamics of intra- and interchromosomal contacts. This tool adds a dynamic dimension to the study of chromatin behaviour in live cells, promising advances beyond the scope of existing methods.</p>","PeriodicalId":18977,"journal":{"name":"Nature Cell Biology","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":17.3000,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Supra-second tracking and live-cell karyotyping reveal principles of mitotic chromosome dynamics\",\"authors\":\"Rumen Stamatov, Sonya Uzunova, Yoana Kicheva, Maria Karaboeva, Tavian Blagoev, Stoyno Stoynov\",\"doi\":\"10.1038/s41556-025-01637-6\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p>Mitotic chromosome dynamics are essential for the three-dimensional organization of the genome during the cell cycle, but the spatiotemporal characteristics of this process remain unclear due to methodological challenges. While Hi-C methods capture interchromosomal contacts, they lack single-cell temporal dynamics, whereas microscopy struggles with bleaching and phototoxicity. Here, to overcome these limitations, we introduce Facilitated Segmentation and Tracking of Chromosomes in Mitosis Pipeline (FAST CHIMP), pairing time-lapse super-resolution microscopy with deep learning. FAST CHIMP tracked all human chromosomes with 8-s resolution from prophase to telophase, identified 15 out of 23 homologue pairs in single cells and compared chromosomal positioning between mother and daughter cells. It revealed a centrosome-motion-dependent flow that governs the mapping between chromosome locations at prophase and their metaphase plate position. In addition, FAST CHIMP measured supra-second dynamics of intra- and interchromosomal contacts. This tool adds a dynamic dimension to the study of chromatin behaviour in live cells, promising advances beyond the scope of existing methods.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":18977,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Nature Cell Biology\",\"volume\":\"33 1\",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":17.3000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-04-04\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Nature Cell Biology\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"99\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41556-025-01637-6\",\"RegionNum\":1,\"RegionCategory\":\"生物学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"CELL BIOLOGY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Nature Cell Biology","FirstCategoryId":"99","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41556-025-01637-6","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"CELL BIOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Supra-second tracking and live-cell karyotyping reveal principles of mitotic chromosome dynamics
Mitotic chromosome dynamics are essential for the three-dimensional organization of the genome during the cell cycle, but the spatiotemporal characteristics of this process remain unclear due to methodological challenges. While Hi-C methods capture interchromosomal contacts, they lack single-cell temporal dynamics, whereas microscopy struggles with bleaching and phototoxicity. Here, to overcome these limitations, we introduce Facilitated Segmentation and Tracking of Chromosomes in Mitosis Pipeline (FAST CHIMP), pairing time-lapse super-resolution microscopy with deep learning. FAST CHIMP tracked all human chromosomes with 8-s resolution from prophase to telophase, identified 15 out of 23 homologue pairs in single cells and compared chromosomal positioning between mother and daughter cells. It revealed a centrosome-motion-dependent flow that governs the mapping between chromosome locations at prophase and their metaphase plate position. In addition, FAST CHIMP measured supra-second dynamics of intra- and interchromosomal contacts. This tool adds a dynamic dimension to the study of chromatin behaviour in live cells, promising advances beyond the scope of existing methods.
期刊介绍:
Nature Cell Biology, a prestigious journal, upholds a commitment to publishing papers of the highest quality across all areas of cell biology, with a particular focus on elucidating mechanisms underlying fundamental cell biological processes. The journal's broad scope encompasses various areas of interest, including but not limited to:
-Autophagy
-Cancer biology
-Cell adhesion and migration
-Cell cycle and growth
-Cell death
-Chromatin and epigenetics
-Cytoskeletal dynamics
-Developmental biology
-DNA replication and repair
-Mechanisms of human disease
-Mechanobiology
-Membrane traffic and dynamics
-Metabolism
-Nuclear organization and dynamics
-Organelle biology
-Proteolysis and quality control
-RNA biology
-Signal transduction
-Stem cell biology