Phoebe Rivory, Rogan Lee, Michael P Ward, Jan Šlapeta
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Rainfall and temperature driven emergence of neural angiostrongyliasis in eastern Australia, 2020-2024.
Neural angiostrongyliasis (NA), caused by rat lungworm (Angiostrongylus cantonensis), is an emerging zoonotic disease on Australia's east coast. The number of cases has risen since 2010. This study investigated the diagnosis, genetic diversity of A. cantonensis and spatial and temporal dynamics of canine NA (CNA). We analysed cerebrospinal fluid samples from 180 clinically suspected cases (2020-2024) using AcanR3990 qPCR, confirming infection in 93. Cases were detected around Brisbane and Sydney, with peak occurrence in 2022 (32 cases). Generalised linear modelling demonstrated that CNA occurrence depends on immediate and long-term rainfall (1 and 10-12 month lags) and medium-term temperature changes (5-7 month lags). Partial cox1 sequencing revealed Ac13 as the dominant haplotype (9/15). Comparison with an established ELISA using 50 randomly selected samples showed substantial agreement (κ = 0.66). With many cases likely remaining undiagnosed, NA poses an ongoing One Health issue in Australia.
期刊介绍：
Published continuously since 1904, The Journal of Infectious Diseases (JID) is the premier global journal for original research on infectious diseases. The editors welcome Major Articles and Brief Reports describing research results on microbiology, immunology, epidemiology, and related disciplines, on the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of infectious diseases; on the microbes that cause them; and on disorders of host immune responses. JID is an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America.
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